Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/main' into codex/research-alpha158-phase5-formula-contract-20260828

# Conflicts:
#	src/quant_engine/alpha_factors.py
#	tests/test_alpha_factors.py

.gitea/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   lite:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      UV_PYTHON_DOWNLOADS: never
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@524e936cd9e579adf00e308bfdf971aebc7de09e
         with:
@@ -26,7 +28,18 @@ jobs:
           if git ls-files .DS_Store | grep -q .; then echo "跟踪 .DS_Store"; exit 1; fi
           if git grep -n -I -E 'sk-[A-Za-z0-9]{20,}|AKIA[0-9A-Z]{16}|ghp_[A-Za-z0-9]{36}|xox[baprs]-[A-Za-z0-9-]{10,}' HEAD | grep -q .; then echo "检出疑似凭证"; exit 1; fi
           echo "Gitea 合规校验通过"
+
+      - name: 验证并同步共享运行时
+        run: |
+          test "$(python3 --version)" = "Python 3.13.15"
+          test "$(uv --version | cut -d' ' -f1-2)" = "uv 0.12.3"
+          uv sync --locked --extra dev
+          uv run --locked --no-sync python -c 'import sys; assert sys.version_info[:2] == (3, 13)'
+
       - name: 架构模块契约测试
-        run: python3 tests/governance/test_module_spec.py
+        run: |
+          uv run --locked --no-sync python tests/governance/test_module_spec.py
+          uv run --locked --no-sync python tests/governance/test_ci_contract.py
+
       - name: Syntax check
-        run: git ls-files -z '*.py' | xargs -0 python3 -m py_compile
+        run: git ls-files -z '*.py' | xargs -0 uv run --locked --no-sync python -m py_compile

.python-version

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+3.13

README.md

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 - `backtest` — weight-based 多日仿真（rebalance_table / compute_nav / compare_to_benchmark）
 - `portfolio_construction` — 多期因子分数 → Top-K → 等权目标权重表
 - `research_pipeline` — 因子日 → 下一真实交易日 → 显式执行价 → 日末估值 → 成本后绩效（防前视编排）
+- `artifact` — 版本化、确定性、存储中立的完整 research run 事实表与 manifest
 - `attribution` — 基于实际成交后持仓的隔夜 / 日内 / 交易成本逐日收益归因与闭合审计
 - `metrics` — 绝对绩效 + 严格日期对齐的 TE / IR / alpha / beta 基准相对绩效
 - `factor_library` — 通用方法（turnover / winsorize / IC / OLS / jb_test）
@@ -136,6 +137,46 @@ print(attribution.residual)  # 应接近 0；否则说明贡献未闭合到账
 # benchmark_returns 必须与成本后 factor_backtest.returns 使用完全相同的日期索引。
 print(factor_backtest.benchmark_stats(benchmark_returns))
 
+# 下游稳定交付：显式提供代码版本、数据快照和时区，不在核心层写数据库。
+from quant_engine.artifact import build_research_run_artifact
+from quant_engine.data_adapter import prepare_asset_return_snapshot
+from quant_engine.risk import estimate_covariance_snapshot
+
+risk_date = factor_backtest.position_weights.index[-1].date()
+market_snapshot = prepare_asset_return_snapshot(
+    qtdb_daily_long,
+    source="qtdb_pro.hq_daily",
+    source_snapshot_id="<upstream-ingestion-snapshot-id>",
+    adjustment="qfq",
+)
+risk_snapshot = estimate_covariance_snapshot(
+    market_snapshot.returns,
+    as_of_date=risk_date,
+    lookback_sessions=252,
+    min_observations=120,
+    data_snapshot_id=market_snapshot.data_snapshot_id,
+)
+
+artifact = build_research_run_artifact(
+    factor_backtest,
+    run_id="research-run-001",
+    strategy_id="alpha-top20",
+    strategy_name="Alpha Top 20",
+    strategy_version="1.0.0",
+    engine_version="1.2.0",
+    code_revision="<git-sha>",
+    data_snapshot_id=market_snapshot.data_snapshot_id,
+    calendar="CN-A",
+    timezone="Asia/Shanghai",
+    started_at="2026-08-21T10:00:00+08:00",
+    finished_at="2026-08-21T10:01:00+08:00",
+    parameters={"top_k": 20, "lag_sessions": 1},
+    benchmark_id="000300.SH",
+    benchmark_returns=benchmark_returns,
+    risk_snapshots={risk_date: risk_snapshot},
+)
+print(artifact.manifest())
+
 # run_weight_backtest 是低层算子：只接受收益区间开始前已经生效的持仓权重。
 # 不要把 signal-date 的 factor_scores/decision_weights 直接传给它。
 backtest = run_weight_backtest(

ci-profile.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+profile: lite
+runtime_contract: v1
+language: python
+python_version: "3.13"
+python_manager: uv
+python_root: "."
+local_test_command: "python3 tests/governance/test_module_spec.py"
+requires_database: false
+integration_profile: none

docs/OPEN_SOURCE_REFERENCES.md

@@ -16,6 +16,46 @@
 当前核心不新增依赖。逐日收益归因必须从实际换仓前后持仓、成交记录、执行价和
 收盘估值推导；因子分数与目标权重只是意图，不能作为成交后归因事实源。
 
+## 2026-08-21：研究运行工件
+
+- 借鉴 [Qlib Recorder / RecordTemplate](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/blob/main/qlib/workflow/record_temp.py)
+  将 signal、portfolio analysis 和 risk analysis 分成稳定事实，但不引入 Qlib 运行时；
+- 借鉴 [MLflow Tracking](https://mlflow.org/docs/latest/tracking/) 的 run / params /
+  metrics / artifacts 分层，但 MLflow 只保留为未来可选 exporter；
+- HTML、PNG 和 tearsheet 是可再生展示物，不能替代 NAV、成交、持仓、归因和绩效事实。
+
+因此 `ResearchRunArtifact` 使用显式 `schema_version`、`config_hash`、代码版本和数据
+快照身份，并提供确定性 JSON / SHA-256 manifest；核心层仍不写数据库或 artifact store。
+
+schema `1.1.0` 将 Qlib 的独立 risk-analysis artifact 思路与 Riskfolio-Lib 的 Euler
+component-risk 语义结合，但只保留本项目需要的轻量合同：协方差快照必须声明
+`snapshot_id`、`as_of_date`、收益频率和年化期数；风险从成交后的实际日末持仓计算，
+component risk 闭合到年化组合波动，percentage contribution 闭合到 1。未来日期、资产
+标签不完整和零方差组合都直接失败，不以默认值伪造结果。
+
+## 2026-08-21：协方差快照估计
+
+| 项目 | 借鉴内容 | 当前决策 |
+|---|---|---|
+| [PyPortfolioOpt risk models](https://github.com/PyPortfolio/PyPortfolioOpt/blob/main/pypfopt/risk_models.py) | 将收益输入、协方差估计器和组合优化解耦；sample / EWM / shrinkage 使用统一标签输出 | 借鉴可替换估计器边界，不引入完整包 |
+| [scikit-learn covariance](https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/blob/main/sklearn/covariance/_shrunk_covariance.py) | 维护成熟的 Ledoit–Wolf / OAS shrinkage 实现 | 未来作为可选 adapter；不复制统计公式 |
+| [Qlib structured risk model](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/blob/main/qlib/model/riskmodel/structured.py) | PCA/FA 结构化协方差和固定随机状态 | 留作因子风险模型阶段，不进入当前 baseline |
+
+当前 `estimate_covariance_snapshot` 只编排 pandas 的 sample covariance：先按 `as_of_date`
+截断，再取固定 session 窗口，使用 complete-case 行并拒绝历史不足；禁止 pandas 默认的
+pairwise 样本集合产生含义不一致的矩阵。snapshot ID 对窗口数据、缺失掩码、上游数据
+快照身份和估计参数做 SHA-256，追加未来数据不会改变历史快照。
+
+市场适配层现以 `AssetReturnSnapshot` 固化 simple-return 输入：上游 ingestion snapshot ID、
+数据源、价格字段、复权口径、规范化价格值和缺失掩码共同形成内容寻址 ID；不前向填充
+停牌/缺失价格。该 ID 同时传入协方差快照和研究运行工件，避免同一研究链出现两套数据
+身份。
+
+可选 shrinkage adapter 的评估结论是“保留边界，暂不实现”：当前运行依赖没有声明
+scikit-learn，本切片也不修改版本或锁文件。未来只有在依赖治理接受后，才以延迟导入
+直接调用 scikit-learn 的 `LedoitWolf` / `OAS`，并让估计器名称、库版本与参数进入
+snapshot identity；不复制成熟统计公式，也不让环境中偶然存在的包改变 baseline 行为。
+
 ## hikyuu 的定位
 
 [hikyuu](https://github.com/fasiondog/hikyuu) 的 SG / MM / CN / PG 部件化思想、

docs/handoff/2026-08-21-research-artifact-contract.md

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# Research artifact contract handoff
+
+## Goal
+
+把完整可信研究链固化成存储中立、版本化、确定性的 `ResearchRunArtifact`，供
+`research_results` 持久化和 `research_platform` 查询：
+
+- run identity / schema version / config hash / code revision / data snapshot；
+- signal scores / decision weights / signal-to-execution mapping；
+- NAV / returns / benchmark / costs；
+- trades / realized positions / cash；
+- asset and daily return attribution；
+- performance including Sortino / TE / IR / alpha / beta；
+- reproducible covariance snapshots and annualized Euler component-risk facts；
+- canonical JSON / SHA-256 manifest。
+
+## Branch stack
+
+- 当前：`codex/research-artifact-contract-20260821`
+- 基线：`codex/ledger-attribution-20260821`（Draft PR #4）
+- 下层：Draft PR #3 → Ready PR #2 → `main`
+
+不得绕过堆叠顺序直接合并到 `main`。
+
+## Verification
+
+- `pytest -q`: 540 passed，9 个既有 SciPy warning；
+- data-adapter focused coverage 77%（包含未连接真实 ClickHouse 的 I/O 便捷函数）；
+- `mypy --strict src/`: 16 source files passed；
+- changed-scope Ruff: passed；
+- no runtime dependency added；
+- no database, network, broker or filesystem write side effect in artifact builder。
+- 三仓隔离 ClickHouse 黄金链路通过：市场价格 → return snapshot → covariance → artifact →
+  publisher → reader；使用随机 localhost 端口、tmpfs 和自动容器清理。
+
+## Current risk contract
+
+- artifact schema：`1.1.0`；
+- `CovarianceSnapshot` 对输入矩阵深拷贝并显式记录截至日、频率和年化期数；
+- `risk_snapshots` 按研究交易日映射，可只生成需要的风险观察日；
+- 使用成交后实际持仓，不包含现金风险资产；协方差资产标签必须与研究资产全集一致；
+- `covariance_as_of_date` 不得晚于 `trade_date`；无正组合方差时拒绝产物。
+- `estimate_covariance_snapshot` 从显式数据快照的日收益生成无前视、complete-case、
+  SHA-256 可复现的 per-period sample covariance；不包含 I/O 或未来行。
+- `prepare_asset_return_snapshot` 从规范化长表行情生成不前向填充的 simple daily returns；
+  显式 ingestion snapshot ID、源/字段/复权口径、价格值和缺失掩码共同形成
+  `asset-returns-v1:<sha256>`，并把同一 ID 传给 covariance 与 run artifact。
+- artifact builder fail closed：每个 `CovarianceSnapshot.data_snapshot_id` 必须与 run 级
+  `data_snapshot_id` 完全一致，禁止把其他行情快照的风险分解静默发布到当前研究运行。
+- shrinkage 适配器本轮不实现：scikit-learn 尚非声明依赖，未来只允许薄适配
+  `LedoitWolf` / `OAS`，不复制公式、不依赖环境偶然安装状态。
+
+## Next action
+
+保持 Draft PR #5，不绕过堆叠顺序合并；下游 `research_results` / `research_platform`
+继续在现有 Draft 分支消费同一数据 lineage。下一阶段优先把 ingestion snapshot ID 从
+真实 ELT 元数据接入调用方，再在依赖治理通过后单独交付可选 shrinkage adapter。

pyproject.toml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ name = "quant_engine"
 version = "0.1.0"
 description = "量化研究引擎 —— alpha 因子库 + 执行仿真 + 技术指标 + 数据适配 + 回测工具（v1.2.0 从 research_results 抽出）"
 readme = "README.md"
-requires-python = ">=3.11"
+requires-python = ">=3.13,<3.14"
 license = { text = "MIT" }
 authors = [
     { name = "researchhub team" },
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ where = ["src"]
 
 [tool.ruff]
 line-length = 100
-target-version = "py311"
+target-version = "py313"
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
 select = ["E", "F", "W", "I", "N", "UP", "B", "A", "C4", "PT", "RUF"]
@@ -54,10 +54,13 @@ ignore = [
 ]
 
 [tool.mypy]
-python_version = "3.11"
+python_version = "3.13"
 strict = true
 ignore_missing_imports = true
 
+[tool.uv]
+index-url = "https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/pypi/simple"
+
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
 testpaths = ["tests"]
 addopts = "-v --tb=short"

src/quant_engine/alpha_factors.py

@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ v1.2.0 Phase 0：5 个基础算子 + 5 个 alpha 公式（alpha001–alpha005）
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Any
+from collections.abc import Callable, Mapping
+from types import MappingProxyType
+from typing import Any, cast
 
 import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd
@@ -209,6 +211,367 @@ def indneutralize(series: pd.Series, groups: pd.Series) -> pd.Series:
     return series - series.groupby(groups).transform("mean")
 
 
+# ── Phase 1 operator contract ──────────────────────────
+
+# This is deliberately a small, stable surface for downstream research
+# orchestration.  The full alpha158 formula catalogue can continue to grow,
+# while callers use one validated dispatch entry point for the first ten
+# deterministic building blocks.
+ALPHA158_PHASE1_MAX_WINDOW = 252
+
+ALPHA158_PHASE1_OPERATOR_SPECS: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {
+    "rank": {
+        "name": "rank",
+        "formula": "rank(series)",
+        "inputs": ["series"],
+        "windowed": False,
+    },
+    "delta": {
+        "name": "delta",
+        "formula": "delta(series, window)",
+        "inputs": ["series"],
+        "windowed": True,
+    },
+    "ts_mean": {
+        "name": "ts_mean",
+        "formula": "ts_mean(series, window)",
+        "inputs": ["series"],
+        "windowed": True,
+    },
+    "ts_std": {
+        "name": "ts_std",
+        "formula": "ts_std(series, window)",
+        "inputs": ["series"],
+        "windowed": True,
+    },
+    "ts_rank": {
+        "name": "ts_rank",
+        "formula": "ts_rank(series, window)",
+        "inputs": ["series"],
+        "windowed": True,
+    },
+    "correlation": {
+        "name": "correlation",
+        "formula": "correlation(series, secondary, window)",
+        "inputs": ["series", "secondary"],
+        "windowed": True,
+    },
+    "ts_min": {
+        "name": "ts_min",
+        "formula": "ts_min(series, window)",
+        "inputs": ["series"],
+        "windowed": True,
+    },
+    "ts_max": {
+        "name": "ts_max",
+        "formula": "ts_max(series, window)",
+        "inputs": ["series"],
+        "windowed": True,
+    },
+    "ts_sum": {
+        "name": "ts_sum",
+        "formula": "ts_sum(series, window)",
+        "inputs": ["series"],
+        "windowed": True,
+    },
+    "decay_linear": {
+        "name": "decay_linear",
+        "formula": "decay_linear(series, window)",
+        "inputs": ["series"],
+        "windowed": True,
+    },
+}
+
+_PHASE1_OPERATOR_FUNCTIONS: dict[str, Callable[..., pd.Series]] = {
+    "rank": rank,
+    "delta": delta,
+    "ts_mean": ts_mean,
+    "ts_std": ts_std,
+    "ts_rank": ts_rank,
+    "correlation": correlation,
+    "ts_min": ts_min,
+    "ts_max": ts_max,
+    "ts_sum": ts_sum,
+    "decay_linear": decay_linear,
+}
+
+
+def list_phase1_operators() -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    """Return the deterministic Phase 1 operator names in stable order."""
+    return tuple(ALPHA158_PHASE1_OPERATOR_SPECS)
+
+
+def evaluate_phase1_operator(
+    name: str,
+    series: pd.Series,
+    secondary: pd.Series | None = None,
+    *,
+    window: int | None = None,
+) -> pd.Series:
+    """Evaluate one of the ten Phase 1 operators with a validated contract.
+
+    ``window`` is required for time-series operators and forbidden for the
+    cross-sectional ``rank`` operator.  Binary ``correlation`` also requires
+    a same-index secondary series so that callers cannot silently introduce
+    alignment-dependent results.
+    """
+    if name not in ALPHA158_PHASE1_OPERATOR_SPECS:
+        raise KeyError(f"operator {name!r} not registered")
+
+    is_windowed = bool(ALPHA158_PHASE1_OPERATOR_SPECS[name]["windowed"])
+    if is_windowed:
+        if isinstance(window, bool) or not isinstance(window, int) or window <= 0:
+            raise ValueError(f"window must be a positive integer for {name}")
+        if window > ALPHA158_PHASE1_MAX_WINDOW:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"window exceeds maximum supported value {ALPHA158_PHASE1_MAX_WINDOW} for {name}"
+            )
+    if not is_windowed and window is not None:
+        raise ValueError(f"window is not supported for {name}")
+
+    if name == "correlation":
+        if secondary is None:
+            raise ValueError("secondary is required for correlation")
+        if not series.index.equals(secondary.index):
+            raise ValueError("secondary index must align with series")
+        return correlation(series, secondary, window)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+    if secondary is not None:
+        raise ValueError(f"secondary is not supported for {name}")
+
+    operator = _PHASE1_OPERATOR_FUNCTIONS[name]
+    if name == "rank":
+        return operator(series)
+    return operator(series, window)
+
+
+# ── Phase 2 cumulative operator contract ──────────────────────────────
+
+# Phase 2 is cumulative: downstream callers can upgrade to one dispatch
+# surface covering every existing alpha158 building block, while Phase 1
+# names, metadata, ordering, and evaluation remain unchanged.
+ALPHA158_PHASE2_MAX_WINDOW = ALPHA158_PHASE1_MAX_WINDOW
+
+ALPHA158_PHASE2_OPERATOR_SPECS: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {
+    name: {
+        **spec,
+        "parameters": ["window"] if bool(spec["windowed"]) else [],
+    }
+    for name, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE1_OPERATOR_SPECS.items()
+}
+ALPHA158_PHASE2_OPERATOR_SPECS.update(
+    {
+        "ts_argmin": {
+            "name": "ts_argmin",
+            "formula": "ts_argmin(series, window)",
+            "inputs": ["series"],
+            "parameters": ["window"],
+            "windowed": True,
+        },
+        "ts_argmax": {
+            "name": "ts_argmax",
+            "formula": "ts_argmax(series, window)",
+            "inputs": ["series"],
+            "parameters": ["window"],
+            "windowed": True,
+        },
+        "product": {
+            "name": "product",
+            "formula": "product(series, window)",
+            "inputs": ["series"],
+            "parameters": ["window"],
+            "windowed": True,
+        },
+        "returns": {
+            "name": "returns",
+            "formula": "returns(series)",
+            "inputs": ["series"],
+            "parameters": [],
+            "windowed": False,
+        },
+        "scale": {
+            "name": "scale",
+            "formula": "scale(series)",
+            "inputs": ["series"],
+            "parameters": [],
+            "windowed": False,
+        },
+        "signed_power": {
+            "name": "signed_power",
+            "formula": "signed_power(series, exponent)",
+            "inputs": ["series"],
+            "parameters": ["exponent"],
+            "windowed": False,
+        },
+        "stddev": {
+            "name": "stddev",
+            "formula": "stddev(series, window)",
+            "inputs": ["series"],
+            "parameters": ["window"],
+            "windowed": True,
+        },
+        "covariance": {
+            "name": "covariance",
+            "formula": "covariance(series, secondary, window)",
+            "inputs": ["series", "secondary"],
+            "parameters": ["window"],
+            "windowed": True,
+        },
+        "log": {
+            "name": "log",
+            "formula": "log(series)",
+            "inputs": ["series"],
+            "parameters": [],
+            "windowed": False,
+        },
+        "abs_series": {
+            "name": "abs_series",
+            "formula": "abs_series(series)",
+            "inputs": ["series"],
+            "parameters": [],
+            "windowed": False,
+        },
+        "sign": {
+            "name": "sign",
+            "formula": "sign(series)",
+            "inputs": ["series"],
+            "parameters": [],
+            "windowed": False,
+        },
+        "max_pair": {
+            "name": "max_pair",
+            "formula": "max_pair(series, secondary)",
+            "inputs": ["series", "secondary"],
+            "parameters": [],
+            "windowed": False,
+        },
+        "min_pair": {
+            "name": "min_pair",
+            "formula": "min_pair(series, secondary)",
+            "inputs": ["series", "secondary"],
+            "parameters": [],
+            "windowed": False,
+        },
+        "indneutralize": {
+            "name": "indneutralize",
+            "formula": "indneutralize(series, groups)",
+            "inputs": ["series", "groups"],
+            "parameters": [],
+            "windowed": False,
+        },
+    }
+)
+
+_PHASE2_OPERATOR_FUNCTIONS: dict[str, Callable[..., pd.Series]] = {
+    **_PHASE1_OPERATOR_FUNCTIONS,
+    "ts_argmin": ts_argmin,
+    "ts_argmax": ts_argmax,
+    "product": product,
+    "returns": returns,
+    "scale": scale,
+    "signed_power": signed_power,
+    "stddev": stddev,
+    "covariance": covariance,
+    "log": log,
+    "abs_series": abs_series,
+    "sign": sign,
+    "max_pair": max_pair,
+    "min_pair": min_pair,
+    "indneutralize": indneutralize,
+}
+
+_PHASE2_WINDOWED_OPERATORS = frozenset(
+    name for name, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE2_OPERATOR_SPECS.items() if bool(spec["windowed"])
+)
+_PHASE2_BINARY_OPERATORS = frozenset({"correlation", "covariance", "max_pair", "min_pair"})
+
+
+def list_phase2_operators() -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    """Return all Phase 2 operator names in stable cumulative order."""
+    return tuple(ALPHA158_PHASE2_OPERATOR_SPECS)
+
+
+def _validate_phase2_window(name: str, window: int | None) -> int:
+    if isinstance(window, bool) or not isinstance(window, int) or window <= 0:
+        raise ValueError(f"window must be a positive integer for {name}")
+    if window > ALPHA158_PHASE2_MAX_WINDOW:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"window exceeds maximum supported value {ALPHA158_PHASE2_MAX_WINDOW} for {name}"
+        )
+    return window
+
+
+def evaluate_phase2_operator(
+    name: str,
+    series: pd.Series,
+    secondary: pd.Series | None = None,
+    *,
+    window: int | None = None,
+    exponent: float | None = None,
+    groups: pd.Series | None = None,
+) -> pd.Series:
+    """Evaluate any existing alpha158 building block through a strict contract.
+
+    Phase 2 rejects implicit alignment, missing required arguments, unused
+    arguments, unbounded windows, and non-finite exponents before dispatch.
+    """
+    if name not in ALPHA158_PHASE2_OPERATOR_SPECS:
+        raise KeyError(f"operator {name!r} not registered")
+    if not isinstance(series, pd.Series):
+        raise TypeError("series must be a pandas Series")
+
+    validated_window: int | None = None
+    if name in _PHASE2_WINDOWED_OPERATORS:
+        validated_window = _validate_phase2_window(name, window)
+    elif window is not None:
+        raise ValueError(f"window is not supported for {name}")
+
+    if name in _PHASE2_BINARY_OPERATORS:
+        if secondary is None:
+            raise ValueError(f"secondary is required for {name}")
+        if not isinstance(secondary, pd.Series):
+            raise TypeError("secondary must be a pandas Series")
+        if not series.index.equals(secondary.index):
+            raise ValueError("secondary index must align with series")
+    elif secondary is not None:
+        raise ValueError(f"secondary is not supported for {name}")
+
+    validated_exponent: float | None = None
+    if name == "signed_power":
+        if (
+            isinstance(exponent, bool)
+            or not isinstance(exponent, (int, float))
+            or not np.isfinite(exponent)
+        ):
+            raise ValueError("exponent must be a finite number for signed_power")
+        validated_exponent = float(exponent)
+    elif exponent is not None:
+        raise ValueError(f"exponent is not supported for {name}")
+
+    if name == "indneutralize":
+        if groups is None:
+            raise ValueError("groups is required for indneutralize")
+        if not isinstance(groups, pd.Series):
+            raise TypeError("groups must be a pandas Series")
+        if not series.index.equals(groups.index):
+            raise ValueError("groups index must align with series")
+    elif groups is not None:
+        raise ValueError(f"groups is not supported for {name}")
+
+    operator = _PHASE2_OPERATOR_FUNCTIONS[name]
+    if name == "signed_power":
+        return operator(series, validated_exponent)
+    if name == "indneutralize":
+        return operator(series, groups)
+    if name in {"correlation", "covariance"}:
+        return operator(series, secondary, validated_window)
+    if name in {"max_pair", "min_pair"}:
+        return operator(series, secondary)
+    if validated_window is not None:
+        return operator(series, validated_window)
+    return operator(series)
+
+
 # ── 组合算子（alpha158 公式样本） ─────────────────────────
 
 
@@ -2730,6 +3093,452 @@ def parse_alpha_formula(formula_str: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
     return parsed
 
 
+# ── Phase 3 formula contract: frozen alpha001-alpha050 surface ──────────────
+
+# Formula functions remain the implementation source of truth.  This contract
+# freezes their callable surface separately from formula dependencies so that
+# historical compatibility-only arguments remain explicit without rewriting
+# formulas or changing direct-call APIs.
+ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION = "1.0.0"
+ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256 = (
+    "9a3360e5ee77a85a35d3c2fdab1efaa531fa0c263a2cb2bb5b965a1fb96fe1bd"
+)
+
+_PHASE3_FORMULA_FUNCTIONS: dict[str, Callable[..., pd.Series]] = {
+    "alpha_001": alpha_001,
+    "alpha_002": alpha_002,
+    "alpha_003": alpha_003,
+    "alpha_004": alpha_004,
+    "alpha_005": alpha_005,
+    "alpha_006": alpha_006,
+    "alpha_007": alpha_007,
+    "alpha_008": alpha_008,
+    "alpha_009": alpha_009,
+    "alpha_010": alpha_010,
+    "alpha_011": alpha_011,
+    "alpha_012": alpha_012,
+    "alpha_013": alpha_013,
+    "alpha_014": alpha_014,
+    "alpha_015": alpha_015,
+    "alpha_016": alpha_016,
+    "alpha_017": alpha_017,
+    "alpha_018": alpha_018,
+    "alpha_019": alpha_019,
+    "alpha_020": alpha_020,
+    "alpha_021": alpha_021,
+    "alpha_022": alpha_022,
+    "alpha_023": alpha_023,
+    "alpha_024": alpha_024,
+    "alpha_025": alpha_025,
+    "alpha_026": alpha_026,
+    "alpha_027": alpha_027,
+    "alpha_028": alpha_028,
+    "alpha_029": alpha_029,
+    "alpha_030": alpha_030,
+    "alpha_031": alpha_031,
+    "alpha_032": alpha_032,
+    "alpha_033": alpha_033,
+    "alpha_034": alpha_034,
+    "alpha_035": alpha_035,
+    "alpha_036": alpha_036,
+    "alpha_037": alpha_037,
+    "alpha_038": alpha_038,
+    "alpha_039": alpha_039,
+    "alpha_040": alpha_040,
+    "alpha_041": alpha_041,
+    "alpha_042": alpha_042,
+    "alpha_043": alpha_043,
+    "alpha_044": alpha_044,
+    "alpha_045": alpha_045,
+    "alpha_046": alpha_046,
+    "alpha_047": alpha_047,
+    "alpha_048": alpha_048,
+    "alpha_049": alpha_049,
+    "alpha_050": alpha_050,
+}
+
+_PHASE3_FORMULA_INPUT_OVERRIDES: dict[str, list[str]] = {
+    "alpha_011": ["close", "high", "low"],
+    "alpha_035": ["volume"],
+    "alpha_036": ["close"],
+    "alpha_040": ["high", "low"],
+    "alpha_042": ["close"],
+    "alpha_043": ["volume"],
+}
+
+_PHASE3_INPUT_CATEGORIES = {
+    1: "single",
+    2: "pair",
+    3: "triple",
+    4: "quadruple",
+}
+
+
+def _phase3_call_inputs(function: Callable[..., pd.Series]) -> list[str]:
+    import inspect
+
+    parameters = list(inspect.signature(function).parameters.values())
+    if any(
+        parameter.kind is not inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD
+        or parameter.default is not inspect.Parameter.empty
+        for parameter in parameters
+    ):
+        raise RuntimeError(f"unsupported formula signature for {function.__name__}")
+    return ["open" if parameter.name == "open_" else parameter.name for parameter in parameters]
+
+
+def _phase3_string_list(meta: dict[str, Any], field: str, alpha_id: str) -> list[str]:
+    value = meta[field]
+    if not isinstance(value, list) or not all(isinstance(item, str) for item in value):
+        raise RuntimeError(f"{field} must be a list of strings for {alpha_id}")
+    return list(value)
+
+
+def _build_phase3_formula_specs() -> dict[str, dict[str, Any]]:
+    specs: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {}
+    for alpha_id, function in _PHASE3_FORMULA_FUNCTIONS.items():
+        meta = ALPHA158_REGISTRY[alpha_id]
+        call_inputs = _phase3_call_inputs(function)
+        formula_inputs = _PHASE3_FORMULA_INPUT_OVERRIDES.get(alpha_id, call_inputs)
+        input_category = _PHASE3_INPUT_CATEGORIES.get(len(call_inputs))
+        if input_category is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"unsupported formula input count for {alpha_id}")
+        specs[alpha_id] = {
+            "name": alpha_id,
+            "contract_version": ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION,
+            "formula": meta["formula"],
+            "category": meta["category"],
+            "complexity": meta["complexity"],
+            "parameters": _phase3_string_list(meta, "params", alpha_id),
+            "description": meta["description"],
+            "references": _phase3_string_list(meta, "references", alpha_id),
+            "call_inputs": list(call_inputs),
+            "formula_inputs": list(formula_inputs),
+            "input_category": input_category,
+        }
+    return specs
+
+
+def _freeze_phase3_formula_specs(
+    specs: dict[str, dict[str, Any]],
+) -> Mapping[str, Mapping[str, Any]]:
+    frozen_specs: dict[str, Mapping[str, Any]] = {}
+    for alpha_id, spec in specs.items():
+        frozen_specs[alpha_id] = MappingProxyType(
+            {field: tuple(value) if isinstance(value, list) else value for field, value in spec.items()}
+        )
+    return MappingProxyType(frozen_specs)
+
+
+ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS: Mapping[str, Mapping[str, Any]] = (
+    _freeze_phase3_formula_specs(_build_phase3_formula_specs())
+)
+
+
+def list_phase3_formulas() -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    """Return the frozen alpha001-alpha050 formula IDs in stable order."""
+    return tuple(ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS)
+
+
+def evaluate_phase3_formula(name: str, **inputs: pd.Series) -> pd.Series:
+    """Evaluate a Phase 3 formula with an exact, alignment-safe input contract."""
+    if name not in ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS:
+        raise KeyError(f"formula {name!r} not registered")
+
+    spec = ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS[name]
+    required_inputs = cast(tuple[str, ...], spec["call_inputs"])
+    missing_inputs = [field for field in required_inputs if field not in inputs]
+    unexpected_inputs = sorted(field for field in inputs if field not in required_inputs)
+    if missing_inputs or unexpected_inputs:
+        details: list[str] = []
+        if missing_inputs:
+            details.append(f"missing inputs {missing_inputs}")
+        if unexpected_inputs:
+            details.append(f"unexpected inputs {unexpected_inputs}")
+        raise ValueError(f"invalid inputs for {name}: {'; '.join(details)}")
+
+    for field in required_inputs:
+        if not isinstance(inputs[field], pd.Series):
+            raise TypeError(f"{field} must be a pandas Series")
+
+    primary_field = required_inputs[0]
+    primary = inputs[primary_field]
+    for field in required_inputs[1:]:
+        if not primary.index.equals(inputs[field].index):
+            raise ValueError(f"{field} index must align with {primary_field}")
+
+    function = _PHASE3_FORMULA_FUNCTIONS[name]
+    return function(*(inputs[field] for field in required_inputs))
+
+
+# ── Phase 4 formula contract: frozen alpha051-alpha100 surface ──────────────
+
+# Phase 4 extends the versioned formula contract without mutating the Phase 3
+# catalogue, digest, dispatch surface, or the existing formula functions.
+ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION = "1.0.0"
+ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256 = (
+    "858daf5e2abab5063fc28fcf7c79936096e2c76dde582fc7bab78b3458f17054"
+)
+
+_PHASE4_FORMULA_FUNCTIONS: dict[str, Callable[..., pd.Series]] = {
+    "alpha_051": alpha_051,
+    "alpha_052": alpha_052,
+    "alpha_053": alpha_053,
+    "alpha_054": alpha_054,
+    "alpha_055": alpha_055,
+    "alpha_056": alpha_056,
+    "alpha_057": alpha_057,
+    "alpha_058": alpha_058,
+    "alpha_059": alpha_059,
+    "alpha_060": alpha_060,
+    "alpha_061": alpha_061,
+    "alpha_062": alpha_062,
+    "alpha_063": alpha_063,
+    "alpha_064": alpha_064,
+    "alpha_065": alpha_065,
+    "alpha_066": alpha_066,
+    "alpha_067": alpha_067,
+    "alpha_068": alpha_068,
+    "alpha_069": alpha_069,
+    "alpha_070": alpha_070,
+    "alpha_071": alpha_071,
+    "alpha_072": alpha_072,
+    "alpha_073": alpha_073,
+    "alpha_074": alpha_074,
+    "alpha_075": alpha_075,
+    "alpha_076": alpha_076,
+    "alpha_077": alpha_077,
+    "alpha_078": alpha_078,
+    "alpha_079": alpha_079,
+    "alpha_080": alpha_080,
+    "alpha_081": alpha_081,
+    "alpha_082": alpha_082,
+    "alpha_083": alpha_083,
+    "alpha_084": alpha_084,
+    "alpha_085": alpha_085,
+    "alpha_086": alpha_086,
+    "alpha_087": alpha_087,
+    "alpha_088": alpha_088,
+    "alpha_089": alpha_089,
+    "alpha_090": alpha_090,
+    "alpha_091": alpha_091,
+    "alpha_092": alpha_092,
+    "alpha_093": alpha_093,
+    "alpha_094": alpha_094,
+    "alpha_095": alpha_095,
+    "alpha_096": alpha_096,
+    "alpha_097": alpha_097,
+    "alpha_098": alpha_098,
+    "alpha_099": alpha_099,
+    "alpha_100": alpha_100,
+}
+
+_PHASE4_INPUT_CATEGORIES = {
+    1: "single",
+    2: "pair",
+    3: "triple",
+    4: "quadruple",
+    5: "quintuple",
+}
+
+
+def _build_phase4_formula_specs() -> dict[str, dict[str, Any]]:
+    specs: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {}
+    for alpha_id, function in _PHASE4_FORMULA_FUNCTIONS.items():
+        meta = ALPHA158_REGISTRY[alpha_id]
+        call_inputs = _phase3_call_inputs(function)
+        formula_inputs = _phase3_string_list(meta, "inputs", alpha_id)
+        input_category = _PHASE4_INPUT_CATEGORIES.get(len(call_inputs))
+        if input_category is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"unsupported formula input count for {alpha_id}")
+        specs[alpha_id] = {
+            "name": alpha_id,
+            "contract_version": ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION,
+            "formula": meta["formula"],
+            "category": meta["category"],
+            "complexity": meta["complexity"],
+            "parameters": _phase3_string_list(meta, "params", alpha_id),
+            "description": meta["description"],
+            "references": _phase3_string_list(meta, "references", alpha_id),
+            "call_inputs": list(call_inputs),
+            "formula_inputs": formula_inputs,
+            "input_category": input_category,
+        }
+    return specs
+
+
+ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS: Mapping[str, Mapping[str, Any]] = (
+    _freeze_phase3_formula_specs(_build_phase4_formula_specs())
+)
+
+
+def list_phase4_formulas() -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    """Return the frozen alpha051-alpha100 formula IDs in stable order."""
+    return tuple(ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS)
+
+
+def evaluate_phase4_formula(name: str, **inputs: pd.Series) -> pd.Series:
+    """Evaluate a Phase 4 formula with an exact, alignment-safe input contract."""
+    if name not in ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS:
+        raise KeyError(f"formula {name!r} not registered")
+
+    spec = ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS[name]
+    required_inputs = cast(tuple[str, ...], spec["call_inputs"])
+    missing_inputs = [field for field in required_inputs if field not in inputs]
+    unexpected_inputs = sorted(field for field in inputs if field not in required_inputs)
+    if missing_inputs or unexpected_inputs:
+        details: list[str] = []
+        if missing_inputs:
+            details.append(f"missing inputs {missing_inputs}")
+        if unexpected_inputs:
+            details.append(f"unexpected inputs {unexpected_inputs}")
+        raise ValueError(f"invalid inputs for {name}: {'; '.join(details)}")
+
+    for field in required_inputs:
+        if not isinstance(inputs[field], pd.Series):
+            raise TypeError(f"{field} must be a pandas Series")
+
+    primary_field = required_inputs[0]
+    primary = inputs[primary_field]
+    for field in required_inputs[1:]:
+        if not primary.index.equals(inputs[field].index):
+            raise ValueError(f"{field} index must align with {primary_field}")
+
+    function = _PHASE4_FORMULA_FUNCTIONS[name]
+    return function(*(inputs[field] for field in required_inputs))
+
+
+# ── Phase 5 formula contract: frozen alpha101-alpha150 surface ──────────────
+
+# Phase 5 extends the versioned formula contract without mutating any earlier
+# catalogue, digest, dispatch surface, or existing formula implementation.
+ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION = "1.0.0"
+ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256 = (
+    "3368796169c9fbd39c4a34ea137e569964b15882fbf4de25124790d548db6533"
+)
+
+_PHASE5_FORMULA_FUNCTIONS: dict[str, Callable[..., pd.Series]] = {
+    "alpha_101": alpha_101,
+    "alpha_102": alpha_102,
+    "alpha_103": alpha_103,
+    "alpha_104": alpha_104,
+    "alpha_105": alpha_105,
+    "alpha_106": alpha_106,
+    "alpha_107": alpha_107,
+    "alpha_108": alpha_108,
+    "alpha_109": alpha_109,
+    "alpha_110": alpha_110,
+    "alpha_111": alpha_111,
+    "alpha_112": alpha_112,
+    "alpha_113": alpha_113,
+    "alpha_114": alpha_114,
+    "alpha_115": alpha_115,
+    "alpha_116": alpha_116,
+    "alpha_117": alpha_117,
+    "alpha_118": alpha_118,
+    "alpha_119": alpha_119,
+    "alpha_120": alpha_120,
+    "alpha_121": alpha_121,
+    "alpha_122": alpha_122,
+    "alpha_123": alpha_123,
+    "alpha_124": alpha_124,
+    "alpha_125": alpha_125,
+    "alpha_126": alpha_126,
+    "alpha_127": alpha_127,
+    "alpha_128": alpha_128,
+    "alpha_129": alpha_129,
+    "alpha_130": alpha_130,
+    "alpha_131": alpha_131,
+    "alpha_132": alpha_132,
+    "alpha_133": alpha_133,
+    "alpha_134": alpha_134,
+    "alpha_135": alpha_135,
+    "alpha_136": alpha_136,
+    "alpha_137": alpha_137,
+    "alpha_138": alpha_138,
+    "alpha_139": alpha_139,
+    "alpha_140": alpha_140,
+    "alpha_141": alpha_141,
+    "alpha_142": alpha_142,
+    "alpha_143": alpha_143,
+    "alpha_144": alpha_144,
+    "alpha_145": alpha_145,
+    "alpha_146": alpha_146,
+    "alpha_147": alpha_147,
+    "alpha_148": alpha_148,
+    "alpha_149": alpha_149,
+    "alpha_150": alpha_150,
+}
+
+
+def _build_phase5_formula_specs() -> dict[str, dict[str, Any]]:
+    specs: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {}
+    for alpha_id, function in _PHASE5_FORMULA_FUNCTIONS.items():
+        meta = ALPHA158_REGISTRY[alpha_id]
+        call_inputs = _phase3_call_inputs(function)
+        formula_inputs = _phase3_string_list(meta, "inputs", alpha_id)
+        input_category = _PHASE4_INPUT_CATEGORIES.get(len(call_inputs))
+        if input_category is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"unsupported formula input count for {alpha_id}")
+        specs[alpha_id] = {
+            "name": alpha_id,
+            "contract_version": ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION,
+            "formula": meta["formula"],
+            "category": meta["category"],
+            "complexity": meta["complexity"],
+            "parameters": _phase3_string_list(meta, "params", alpha_id),
+            "description": meta["description"],
+            "references": _phase3_string_list(meta, "references", alpha_id),
+            "call_inputs": list(call_inputs),
+            "formula_inputs": formula_inputs,
+            "input_category": input_category,
+        }
+    return specs
+
+
+ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS: Mapping[str, Mapping[str, Any]] = (
+    _freeze_phase3_formula_specs(_build_phase5_formula_specs())
+)
+
+
+def list_phase5_formulas() -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    """Return the frozen alpha101-alpha150 formula IDs in stable order."""
+    return tuple(ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS)
+
+
+def evaluate_phase5_formula(name: str, **inputs: pd.Series) -> pd.Series:
+    """Evaluate a Phase 5 formula with an exact, alignment-safe input contract."""
+    if name not in ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS:
+        raise KeyError(f"formula {name!r} not registered")
+
+    spec = ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS[name]
+    required_inputs = cast(tuple[str, ...], spec["call_inputs"])
+    missing_inputs = [field for field in required_inputs if field not in inputs]
+    unexpected_inputs = sorted(field for field in inputs if field not in required_inputs)
+    if missing_inputs or unexpected_inputs:
+        details: list[str] = []
+        if missing_inputs:
+            details.append(f"missing inputs {missing_inputs}")
+        if unexpected_inputs:
+            details.append(f"unexpected inputs {unexpected_inputs}")
+        raise ValueError(f"invalid inputs for {name}: {'; '.join(details)}")
+
+    for field in required_inputs:
+        if not isinstance(inputs[field], pd.Series):
+            raise TypeError(f"{field} must be a pandas Series")
+
+    primary_field = required_inputs[0]
+    primary = inputs[primary_field]
+    for field in required_inputs[1:]:
+        if len(inputs[field]) != len(primary):
+            raise ValueError(f"{field} length must match {primary_field}")
+        if not primary.index.equals(inputs[field].index):
+            raise ValueError(f"{field} index must align with {primary_field}")
+
+    function = _PHASE5_FORMULA_FUNCTIONS[name]
+    return function(*(inputs[field] for field in required_inputs))
+
+
 __all__ = [
     "rank",
     "delta",
@@ -2755,6 +3564,29 @@ __all__ = [
     "max_pair",
     "min_pair",
     "indneutralize",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE1_MAX_WINDOW",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE1_OPERATOR_SPECS",
+    "list_phase1_operators",
+    "evaluate_phase1_operator",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE2_MAX_WINDOW",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE2_OPERATOR_SPECS",
+    "list_phase2_operators",
+    "evaluate_phase2_operator",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS",
+    "list_phase3_formulas",
+    "evaluate_phase3_formula",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS",
+    "list_phase4_formulas",
+    "evaluate_phase4_formula",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256",
+    "ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS",
+    "list_phase5_formulas",
+    "evaluate_phase5_formula",
     "alpha_001",
     "alpha_002",
     "alpha_003",

src/quant_engine/artifact.py

@@ -0,0 +1,580 @@
+"""Versioned, deterministic research-run artifacts for downstream adapters.
+
+This module is deliberately storage-neutral.  It snapshots a completed
+``FactorBacktestResult`` into queryable fact tables but never writes a database,
+starts a service, or talks to a broker.  ``research_results`` owns persistence;
+``research_platform`` owns read models and presentation.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import hashlib
+import json
+import math
+from collections.abc import Mapping
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import date, datetime
+from typing import Any
+
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+
+from quant_engine.research_pipeline import FactorBacktestResult
+from quant_engine.risk import CovarianceSnapshot, labeled_component_risk
+
+RESEARCH_ARTIFACT_SCHEMA_VERSION = "1.1.0"
+
+RISK_COLUMNS = [
+    "run_id",
+    "trade_date",
+    "asset_id",
+    "weight",
+    "marginal_risk",
+    "component_risk",
+    "risk_contribution",
+    "covariance_snapshot_id",
+    "covariance_as_of_date",
+    "risk_measure",
+    "return_frequency",
+    "periods_per_year",
+]
+
+__all__ = [
+    "RESEARCH_ARTIFACT_SCHEMA_VERSION",
+    "ResearchRunArtifact",
+    "build_research_run_artifact",
+]
+
+
+def _frame_copy(frame: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    return frame.copy(deep=True)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True, eq=False)
+class ResearchRunArtifact:
+    """Immutable-by-interface snapshot of one completed research run."""
+
+    schema_version: str
+    _run: pd.DataFrame
+    _signals: pd.DataFrame
+    _nav: pd.DataFrame
+    _trades: pd.DataFrame
+    _positions: pd.DataFrame
+    _attribution: pd.DataFrame
+    _attribution_daily: pd.DataFrame
+    _risk: pd.DataFrame
+    _performance: pd.DataFrame
+
+    @property
+    def run(self) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        return _frame_copy(self._run)
+
+    @property
+    def nav(self) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        return _frame_copy(self._nav)
+
+    @property
+    def signals(self) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        return _frame_copy(self._signals)
+
+    @property
+    def trades(self) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        return _frame_copy(self._trades)
+
+    @property
+    def positions(self) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        return _frame_copy(self._positions)
+
+    @property
+    def attribution(self) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        return _frame_copy(self._attribution)
+
+    @property
+    def attribution_daily(self) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        return _frame_copy(self._attribution_daily)
+
+    @property
+    def risk(self) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        return _frame_copy(self._risk)
+
+    @property
+    def performance(self) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        return _frame_copy(self._performance)
+
+    def table_frames(self) -> Mapping[str, pd.DataFrame]:
+        """Return isolated table snapshots keyed by stable logical table name."""
+        return {
+            "run": self.run,
+            "signals": self.signals,
+            "nav": self.nav,
+            "trades": self.trades,
+            "positions": self.positions,
+            "attribution": self.attribution,
+            "attribution_daily": self.attribution_daily,
+            "risk": self.risk,
+            "performance": self.performance,
+        }
+
+    def canonical_json(self) -> str:
+        """Serialize tables deterministically for checksums and artifact storage."""
+        payload = {
+            "schema_version": self.schema_version,
+            "tables": {
+                name: _frame_records(frame)
+                for name, frame in self._internal_table_frames().items()
+            },
+        }
+        return json.dumps(
+            payload,
+            ensure_ascii=False,
+            sort_keys=True,
+            separators=(",", ":"),
+            allow_nan=False,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def content_sha256(self) -> str:
+        return hashlib.sha256(self.canonical_json().encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
+
+    def manifest(self) -> Mapping[str, object]:
+        """Return a compact immutable identity and row-count manifest."""
+        return {
+            "schema_version": self.schema_version,
+            "run_id": str(self._run.at[0, "run_id"]),
+            "config_hash": str(self._run.at[0, "config_hash"]),
+            "content_sha256": self.content_sha256,
+            "tables": {
+                name: len(frame) for name, frame in self._internal_table_frames().items()
+            },
+        }
+
+    def _internal_table_frames(self) -> Mapping[str, pd.DataFrame]:
+        return {
+            "run": self._run,
+            "signals": self._signals,
+            "nav": self._nav,
+            "trades": self._trades,
+            "positions": self._positions,
+            "attribution": self._attribution,
+            "attribution_daily": self._attribution_daily,
+            "risk": self._risk,
+            "performance": self._performance,
+        }
+
+
+def _required_text(value: str, name: str, *, max_length: int | None = None) -> str:
+    normalized = value.strip()
+    if not normalized:
+        raise ValueError(f"{name} must be non-empty")
+    if max_length is not None and len(normalized) > max_length:
+        raise ValueError(f"{name} must contain at most {max_length} characters")
+    return normalized
+
+
+def _aware_timestamp(value: str | pd.Timestamp, name: str) -> pd.Timestamp:
+    try:
+        timestamp = pd.Timestamp(value)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError) as error:
+        raise ValueError(f"{name} must be a valid timestamp") from error
+    if timestamp.tzinfo is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"{name} must include a timezone")
+    return timestamp
+
+
+def _json_value(value: object) -> object:
+    if value is None or isinstance(value, str | bool | int):
+        return value
+    if isinstance(value, float):
+        return value if math.isfinite(value) else None
+    if isinstance(value, np.generic):
+        return _json_value(value.item())
+    if isinstance(value, pd.Timestamp):
+        return value.isoformat()
+    if isinstance(value, datetime):
+        return value.isoformat()
+    if isinstance(value, date):
+        return value.isoformat()
+    if isinstance(value, Mapping):
+        return {
+            str(key): _json_value(item)
+            for key, item in sorted(value.items(), key=lambda pair: str(pair[0]))
+        }
+    if isinstance(value, list | tuple):
+        return [_json_value(item) for item in value]
+    raise TypeError(f"value of type {type(value).__name__} is not JSON serializable")
+
+
+def _canonical_mapping_json(values: Mapping[str, object]) -> str:
+    normalized = _json_value(values)
+    return json.dumps(
+        normalized,
+        ensure_ascii=False,
+        sort_keys=True,
+        separators=(",", ":"),
+        allow_nan=False,
+    )
+
+
+def _frame_records(frame: pd.DataFrame) -> list[dict[str, object]]:
+    return [
+        {str(key): _json_value(value) for key, value in row.items()}
+        for row in frame.to_dict(orient="records")
+    ]
+
+
+def _build_nav(
+    result: FactorBacktestResult,
+    run_id: str,
+    benchmark_returns: pd.Series | None,
+) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    nav = result.execution.ledger_frame.copy(deep=True)
+    nav.insert(0, "run_id", run_id)
+    nav["trade_date"] = pd.to_datetime(nav["trade_date"]).dt.date
+    nav["total_cost"] = [
+        sum(execution.total_cost for execution in daily.executions)
+        for daily in result.execution.daily_executions
+    ]
+    if benchmark_returns is None:
+        nav["benchmark_nav"] = np.nan
+        nav["benchmark_return"] = np.nan
+        nav["excess_ret"] = np.nan
+    else:
+        benchmark = benchmark_returns.astype(float, copy=True)
+        nav["benchmark_nav"] = (1.0 + benchmark).cumprod().to_numpy()
+        nav["benchmark_return"] = benchmark.to_numpy()
+        nav["excess_ret"] = result.returns.to_numpy() - benchmark.to_numpy()
+    return nav
+
+
+def _build_signals(result: FactorBacktestResult, run_id: str) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    columns = [
+        "run_id",
+        "signal_date",
+        "execution_date",
+        "asset_id",
+        "factor_score",
+        "target_weight",
+    ]
+    rows: list[dict[str, object]] = []
+    for signal_date, scores in result.factor_scores.iterrows():
+        execution_date = pd.Timestamp(result.schedule.signal_to_execution.at[signal_date]).date()
+        for asset, score in scores.items():
+            rows.append(
+                {
+                    "run_id": run_id,
+                    "signal_date": pd.Timestamp(signal_date).date(),
+                    "execution_date": execution_date,
+                    "asset_id": asset,
+                    "factor_score": float(score),
+                    "target_weight": float(
+                        result.schedule.decision_weights.at[signal_date, asset]
+                    ),
+                }
+            )
+    return pd.DataFrame(rows, columns=columns)
+
+
+def _build_trades(result: FactorBacktestResult, run_id: str) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    trades = result.execution.trades_frame.copy(deep=True)
+    trades.insert(0, "run_id", run_id)
+    trades["trade_date"] = pd.to_datetime(trades["trade_date"]).dt.date
+    trades.insert(
+        1,
+        "trade_id",
+        [f"{run_id}:{sequence:08d}" for sequence in range(1, len(trades) + 1)],
+    )
+    signal_by_execution = {
+        pd.Timestamp(execution_date).date(): pd.Timestamp(signal_date).date()
+        for signal_date, execution_date in result.schedule.signal_to_execution.items()
+    }
+    trades["signal_id"] = [
+        f"{run_id}:signal:{signal_by_execution[trade_date].isoformat()}"
+        for trade_date in trades["trade_date"]
+    ]
+    trades["total_cost"] = trades["fee"] + trades["slippage"]
+    return trades
+
+
+def _build_positions(result: FactorBacktestResult, run_id: str) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    columns = [
+        "run_id",
+        "trade_date",
+        "asset_id",
+        "asset_type",
+        "quantity",
+        "mark_price",
+        "market_value",
+        "weight",
+    ]
+    rows: list[dict[str, object]] = []
+    weights = result.position_weights
+    cash_weights = result.cash_weights
+    for date_value, position in zip(
+        result.valuation_prices.index,
+        result.execution.positions,
+        strict=True,
+    ):
+        session_date = pd.Timestamp(date_value).date()
+        for asset, quantity in position.holdings.items():
+            mark_price = float(result.valuation_prices.at[date_value, asset])
+            rows.append(
+                {
+                    "run_id": run_id,
+                    "trade_date": session_date,
+                    "asset_id": asset,
+                    "asset_type": "security",
+                    "quantity": quantity,
+                    "mark_price": mark_price,
+                    "market_value": quantity * mark_price,
+                    "weight": float(weights.at[date_value, asset]),
+                }
+            )
+        rows.append(
+            {
+                "run_id": run_id,
+                "trade_date": session_date,
+                "asset_id": "CASH",
+                "asset_type": "cash",
+                "quantity": position.cash,
+                "mark_price": 1.0,
+                "market_value": position.cash,
+                "weight": float(cash_weights.at[date_value]),
+            }
+        )
+    return pd.DataFrame(rows, columns=columns)
+
+
+def _build_attribution(
+    result: FactorBacktestResult,
+    run_id: str,
+) -> tuple[pd.DataFrame, pd.DataFrame]:
+    contribution = result.return_attribution()
+    rows: list[dict[str, object]] = []
+    for date_value in contribution.overnight.index:
+        for asset in contribution.overnight.columns:
+            overnight = float(contribution.overnight.at[date_value, asset])
+            intraday = float(contribution.intraday.at[date_value, asset])
+            rows.append(
+                {
+                    "run_id": run_id,
+                    "trade_date": pd.Timestamp(date_value).date(),
+                    "asset_id": asset,
+                    "overnight": overnight,
+                    "intraday": intraday,
+                    "asset_total": overnight + intraday,
+                }
+            )
+    daily = pd.DataFrame(
+        {
+            "run_id": run_id,
+            "trade_date": contribution.total_return.index.date,
+            "transaction_cost": contribution.transaction_cost.to_numpy(),
+            "explained_return": contribution.explained_return.to_numpy(),
+            "residual": contribution.residual.to_numpy(),
+            "total_return": contribution.total_return.to_numpy(),
+        }
+    )
+    return pd.DataFrame(rows), daily
+
+
+def _risk_trade_date(value: object) -> date:
+    try:
+        timestamp = pd.Timestamp(value)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError) as error:
+        raise ValueError("risk snapshot keys must be valid trade dates") from error
+    if pd.isna(timestamp):
+        raise ValueError("risk snapshot keys must be valid trade dates")
+    return date(int(timestamp.year), int(timestamp.month), int(timestamp.day))
+
+
+def _build_risk(
+    result: FactorBacktestResult,
+    run_id: str,
+    data_snapshot_id: str,
+    risk_snapshots: Mapping[object, CovarianceSnapshot] | None,
+) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    if risk_snapshots is None:
+        return pd.DataFrame(columns=RISK_COLUMNS)
+    if not isinstance(risk_snapshots, Mapping):
+        raise TypeError("risk_snapshots must be a mapping")
+
+    session_by_date = {
+        pd.Timestamp(session).date(): session for session in result.position_weights.index
+    }
+    normalized: dict[date, CovarianceSnapshot] = {}
+    for raw_trade_date, snapshot in risk_snapshots.items():
+        trade_date = _risk_trade_date(raw_trade_date)
+        if trade_date in normalized:
+            raise ValueError(f"duplicate risk snapshot trade date: {trade_date}")
+        if trade_date not in session_by_date:
+            raise ValueError(f"risk snapshot trade date {trade_date} must be a result session")
+        if not isinstance(snapshot, CovarianceSnapshot):
+            raise TypeError("risk snapshot values must be CovarianceSnapshot instances")
+        if snapshot.as_of_date > trade_date:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"covariance as_of_date {snapshot.as_of_date} must not be after trade date "
+                f"{trade_date}"
+            )
+        if snapshot.data_snapshot_id != data_snapshot_id:
+            raise ValueError("covariance snapshot data lineage differs from research run")
+        normalized[trade_date] = snapshot
+
+    weights_by_date = result.position_weights
+    rows: list[dict[str, object]] = []
+    for trade_date in sorted(normalized):
+        snapshot = normalized[trade_date]
+        session = session_by_date[trade_date]
+        weights = weights_by_date.loc[session].astype(float, copy=True)
+        annualized_covariance = snapshot.covariance * snapshot.periods_per_year
+        decomposition = labeled_component_risk(weights, annualized_covariance)
+        for asset_id in weights.index:
+            rows.append(
+                {
+                    "run_id": run_id,
+                    "trade_date": trade_date,
+                    "asset_id": asset_id,
+                    "weight": float(weights.loc[asset_id]),
+                    "marginal_risk": float(decomposition.marginal.loc[asset_id]),
+                    "component_risk": float(decomposition.component.loc[asset_id]),
+                    "risk_contribution": float(decomposition.percentage.loc[asset_id]),
+                    "covariance_snapshot_id": snapshot.snapshot_id,
+                    "covariance_as_of_date": snapshot.as_of_date,
+                    "risk_measure": "annualized_volatility",
+                    "return_frequency": snapshot.return_frequency,
+                    "periods_per_year": snapshot.periods_per_year,
+                }
+            )
+    return pd.DataFrame(rows, columns=RISK_COLUMNS)
+
+
+def _build_performance(
+    result: FactorBacktestResult,
+    run_id: str,
+    benchmark_returns: pd.Series | None,
+) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    stats = result.stats()
+    relative = (
+        result.benchmark_stats(benchmark_returns)
+        if benchmark_returns is not None
+        else {
+            "tracking_error": float("nan"),
+            "information_ratio": float("nan"),
+            "alpha": float("nan"),
+            "beta": float("nan"),
+        }
+    )
+    total_return = float(result.nav.iloc[-1] - 1.0)
+    return pd.DataFrame(
+        [
+            {
+                "run_id": run_id,
+                "total_ret": total_return,
+                "ann_ret": stats["ann_return"],
+                "ann_volatility": stats["ann_volatility"],
+                "sharpe": stats["sharpe"],
+                "sortino": stats["sortino"],
+                "max_dd": stats["max_drawdown"],
+                "calmar": stats["calmar"],
+                "win_rate": stats["win_rate"],
+                "tracking_error": relative["tracking_error"],
+                "ir": relative["information_ratio"],
+                "alpha": relative["alpha"],
+                "beta": relative["beta"],
+                "n_trades": len(result.execution.trades_frame),
+                "n_days": len(result.returns),
+            }
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+def build_research_run_artifact(
+    result: FactorBacktestResult,
+    *,
+    run_id: str,
+    strategy_id: str,
+    strategy_name: str,
+    strategy_version: str,
+    engine_version: str,
+    code_revision: str,
+    data_snapshot_id: str,
+    calendar: str,
+    timezone: str,
+    started_at: str | pd.Timestamp,
+    finished_at: str | pd.Timestamp,
+    parameters: Mapping[str, object],
+    benchmark_id: str | None = None,
+    benchmark_returns: pd.Series | None = None,
+    risk_snapshots: Mapping[object, CovarianceSnapshot] | None = None,
+) -> ResearchRunArtifact:
+    """Snapshot one successful factor backtest into schema-versioned fact tables."""
+    if not isinstance(result, FactorBacktestResult):
+        raise TypeError("result must be a FactorBacktestResult")
+    if result.nav.empty:
+        raise ValueError("result must contain at least one research session")
+    normalized_run_id = _required_text(run_id, "run_id", max_length=64)
+    normalized_strategy_id = _required_text(strategy_id, "strategy_id")
+    normalized_strategy_name = _required_text(strategy_name, "strategy_name")
+    normalized_strategy_version = _required_text(strategy_version, "strategy_version")
+    normalized_engine_version = _required_text(engine_version, "engine_version")
+    normalized_code_revision = _required_text(code_revision, "code_revision")
+    normalized_snapshot = _required_text(data_snapshot_id, "data_snapshot_id")
+    normalized_calendar = _required_text(calendar, "calendar")
+    normalized_timezone = _required_text(timezone, "timezone")
+    if not isinstance(parameters, Mapping):
+        raise TypeError("parameters must be a mapping")
+
+    started = _aware_timestamp(started_at, "started_at")
+    finished = _aware_timestamp(finished_at, "finished_at")
+    if finished < started:
+        raise ValueError("finished_at must not precede started_at")
+    if (benchmark_id is None) != (benchmark_returns is None):
+        raise ValueError("benchmark_id and benchmark_returns must be provided together")
+    normalized_benchmark = ""
+    if benchmark_id is not None:
+        normalized_benchmark = _required_text(benchmark_id, "benchmark_id")
+        result.benchmark_stats(benchmark_returns)
+
+    params_json = _canonical_mapping_json(parameters)
+    config_hash = hashlib.sha256(params_json.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
+    run = pd.DataFrame(
+        [
+            {
+                "schema_version": RESEARCH_ARTIFACT_SCHEMA_VERSION,
+                "run_id": normalized_run_id,
+                "strategy_id": normalized_strategy_id,
+                "strategy_name": normalized_strategy_name,
+                "strategy_version": normalized_strategy_version,
+                "engine_version": normalized_engine_version,
+                "code_revision": normalized_code_revision,
+                "config_hash": config_hash,
+                "data_snapshot_id": normalized_snapshot,
+                "benchmark_id": normalized_benchmark,
+                "benchmark_alignment_policy": (
+                    "exact_session_index" if benchmark_returns is not None else "none"
+                ),
+                "frequency": "1d",
+                "calendar": normalized_calendar,
+                "timezone": normalized_timezone,
+                "initial_capital": result.execution.initial_cash,
+                "start_date": result.nav.index[0].date(),
+                "end_date": result.nav.index[-1].date(),
+                "status": "success",
+                "started_at": started,
+                "finished_at": finished,
+                "params_json": params_json,
+            }
+        ]
+    )
+    attribution, attribution_daily = _build_attribution(result, normalized_run_id)
+    return ResearchRunArtifact(
+        schema_version=RESEARCH_ARTIFACT_SCHEMA_VERSION,
+        _run=run,
+        _signals=_build_signals(result, normalized_run_id),
+        _nav=_build_nav(result, normalized_run_id, benchmark_returns),
+        _trades=_build_trades(result, normalized_run_id),
+        _positions=_build_positions(result, normalized_run_id),
+        _attribution=attribution,
+        _attribution_daily=attribution_daily,
+        _risk=_build_risk(result, normalized_run_id, normalized_snapshot, risk_snapshots),
+        _performance=_build_performance(result, normalized_run_id, benchmark_returns),
+    )

src/quant_engine/data_adapter.py

@@ -6,22 +6,27 @@
 - execution.py 需要**宽表**（date × stock_code）prices / volumes
 - Tushare 字段命名：`ts_code / vol(手) / amount(千元) / pct_chg`，且**无 vwap 字段**
 
-本模块提供 6 个纯函数，让新模块直接吃 qtdb_pro 真实数据：
+本模块提供可组合的数据适配函数，让新模块直接吃 qtdb_pro 真实数据：
 1. `long_to_wide()` — 长表 → 宽表（date × stock_code）
 2. `wide_to_long()` — 宽表 → 长表
 3. `rename_tushare_columns()` — 列名映射（ts_code→stock_code, vol→volume 等）
 4. `add_vwap_proxy()` — vwap 代理（Tushare 无 vwap 字段）
 5. `apply_adj_factor()` — 复权（hq_daily × hq_adj_factor 前复权）
 6. `prepare_stock_series()` — 单股提取（alpha_factors 输入）
-7. `prepare_execution_inputs()` — execution 输入（prices + volumes 宽表）
-8. `load_qtdb_daily()` — 便捷加载（qtdb_pro.hq_daily + 可选复权）
+7. `prepare_asset_return_snapshot()` — 带稳定 lineage 的资产日收益
+8. `prepare_execution_inputs()` — execution 输入（prices + volumes 宽表）
+9. `load_qtdb_daily()` — 便捷加载（qtdb_pro.hq_daily + 可选复权）
 
 全部纯 pandas/numpy，零新依赖，mypy strict 兼容。
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import hashlib
+import json
 from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import date
 from typing import Any
 
 import numpy as np
@@ -32,12 +37,14 @@ from quant_engine.logging import get_logger
 logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
 __all__ = [
+    "AssetReturnSnapshot",
     "long_to_wide",
     "wide_to_long",
     "rename_tushare_columns",
     "add_vwap_proxy",
     "apply_adj_factor",
     "prepare_stock_series",
+    "prepare_asset_return_snapshot",
     "prepare_execution_inputs",
     "load_qtdb_daily",
 ]
@@ -57,6 +64,107 @@ TUSHARE_RENAME: dict[str, str] = {
 }
 
 
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True, init=False, eq=False)
+class AssetReturnSnapshot:
+    """Immutable-by-interface daily return matrix with reproducible lineage."""
+
+    data_snapshot_id: str
+    source: str
+    source_snapshot_id: str
+    price_field: str
+    adjustment: str
+    return_method: str
+    start_date: date
+    end_date: date
+    sessions: int
+    assets: tuple[str, ...]
+    _returns: pd.DataFrame
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        data_snapshot_id: str,
+        source: str,
+        source_snapshot_id: str,
+        price_field: str,
+        adjustment: str,
+        return_method: str,
+        start_date: date,
+        end_date: date,
+        assets: tuple[str, ...],
+        returns: pd.DataFrame,
+    ) -> None:
+        for value, name in (
+            (data_snapshot_id, "data_snapshot_id"),
+            (source, "source"),
+            (source_snapshot_id, "source_snapshot_id"),
+            (price_field, "price_field"),
+            (adjustment, "adjustment"),
+            (return_method, "return_method"),
+        ):
+            if not isinstance(value, str) or not value.strip():
+                raise ValueError(f"{name} must be non-empty")
+        if returns.empty or not isinstance(returns.index, pd.DatetimeIndex):
+            raise ValueError("returns must contain a DatetimeIndex and at least one session")
+        if tuple(returns.columns) != assets:
+            raise ValueError("assets must match returns columns")
+        if start_date > end_date:
+            raise ValueError("start_date must not be after end_date")
+
+        object.__setattr__(self, "data_snapshot_id", data_snapshot_id.strip())
+        object.__setattr__(self, "source", source.strip())
+        object.__setattr__(self, "source_snapshot_id", source_snapshot_id.strip())
+        object.__setattr__(self, "price_field", price_field.strip())
+        object.__setattr__(self, "adjustment", adjustment.strip())
+        object.__setattr__(self, "return_method", return_method.strip())
+        object.__setattr__(self, "start_date", start_date)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "end_date", end_date)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "sessions", len(returns))
+        object.__setattr__(self, "assets", assets)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_returns", returns.copy(deep=True))
+
+    @property
+    def returns(self) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        """Return an isolated copy so callers cannot mutate the snapshot."""
+        return self._returns.copy(deep=True)
+
+
+def _non_empty(value: str, name: str) -> str:
+    if not isinstance(value, str) or not value.strip():
+        raise ValueError(f"{name} must be non-empty")
+    return value.strip()
+
+
+def _asset_return_snapshot_id(
+    prices: pd.DataFrame,
+    *,
+    source: str,
+    source_snapshot_id: str,
+    price_field: str,
+    adjustment: str,
+) -> str:
+    values = prices.to_numpy(dtype=float, copy=True)
+    missing = np.isnan(values)
+    normalized = np.where(missing, 0.0, values).astype("<f8", copy=False)
+    metadata = {
+        "adjustment": adjustment,
+        "assets": [str(asset) for asset in prices.columns],
+        "price_field": price_field,
+        "return_method": "simple",
+        "schema": "asset-returns-v1",
+        "sessions": [timestamp.date().isoformat() for timestamp in prices.index],
+        "shape": list(values.shape),
+        "source": source,
+        "source_snapshot_id": source_snapshot_id,
+    }
+    digest = hashlib.sha256(
+        json.dumps(metadata, sort_keys=True, separators=(",", ":")).encode("utf-8")
+    )
+    digest.update(missing.astype(np.uint8, copy=False).tobytes(order="C"))
+    digest.update(normalized.tobytes(order="C"))
+    return f"asset-returns-v1:{digest.hexdigest()}"
+
+
 def long_to_wide(
     df: pd.DataFrame,
     value_col: str = "close",
@@ -283,6 +391,98 @@ def prepare_stock_series(
     return series_map
 
 
+def prepare_asset_return_snapshot(
+    df: pd.DataFrame,
+    *,
+    source: str,
+    source_snapshot_id: str,
+    price_col: str = "close",
+    adjustment: str = "none",
+    stock_col: str = "stock_code",
+    date_col: str = "trade_date",
+) -> AssetReturnSnapshot:
+    """Build deterministic simple daily returns from a long market-price table.
+
+    ``source_snapshot_id`` must identify the upstream ingestion snapshot. The
+    resulting ID additionally fingerprints canonical price values and their
+    missing mask, so changed contents cannot retain the same downstream identity.
+    Missing prices are never forward-filled.
+    """
+    normalized_source = _non_empty(source, "source")
+    normalized_source_snapshot_id = _non_empty(
+        source_snapshot_id,
+        "source_snapshot_id",
+    )
+    normalized_price_col = _non_empty(price_col, "price_col")
+    normalized_adjustment = _non_empty(adjustment, "adjustment")
+    if not isinstance(df, pd.DataFrame):
+        raise TypeError("df must be a pandas DataFrame")
+    if df.empty:
+        raise ValueError("df must contain market prices")
+    required = {date_col, stock_col, normalized_price_col}
+    missing_columns = sorted(required.difference(df.columns))
+    if missing_columns:
+        raise ValueError(f"prepare_asset_return_snapshot: missing columns={missing_columns}")
+
+    market = df[[date_col, stock_col, normalized_price_col]].copy()
+    if any(not isinstance(asset, str) or not asset.strip() for asset in market[stock_col]):
+        raise ValueError("asset labels must be non-empty strings")
+    market[stock_col] = market[stock_col].str.strip()
+    try:
+        normalized_dates = pd.to_datetime(market[date_col], errors="raise")
+    except (TypeError, ValueError) as error:
+        raise ValueError("trade dates must be valid dates") from error
+    if normalized_dates.isna().any():
+        raise ValueError("trade dates must be valid dates")
+    market[date_col] = normalized_dates.dt.normalize()
+    if market.duplicated(subset=[date_col, stock_col]).any():
+        raise ValueError("duplicate asset/session prices are not allowed")
+
+    try:
+        market[normalized_price_col] = pd.to_numeric(
+            market[normalized_price_col],
+            errors="raise",
+        )
+    except (TypeError, ValueError) as error:
+        raise ValueError("prices must be numeric") from error
+    observed_prices = market[normalized_price_col].dropna().to_numpy(dtype=float)
+    if observed_prices.size == 0 or not np.isfinite(observed_prices).all():
+        raise ValueError("prices must contain positive finite observations")
+    if (observed_prices <= 0.0).any():
+        raise ValueError("prices must contain positive finite observations")
+
+    prices = market.pivot(
+        index=date_col,
+        columns=stock_col,
+        values=normalized_price_col,
+    ).sort_index()
+    prices = prices.reindex(sorted(str(asset) for asset in prices.columns), axis="columns")
+    prices = prices.astype(float)
+    if len(prices) < 2:
+        raise ValueError("market prices must contain at least two sessions")
+    returns = prices.pct_change(fill_method=None)
+    assets = tuple(str(asset) for asset in prices.columns)
+    snapshot_id = _asset_return_snapshot_id(
+        prices,
+        source=normalized_source,
+        source_snapshot_id=normalized_source_snapshot_id,
+        price_field=normalized_price_col,
+        adjustment=normalized_adjustment,
+    )
+    return AssetReturnSnapshot(
+        data_snapshot_id=snapshot_id,
+        source=normalized_source,
+        source_snapshot_id=normalized_source_snapshot_id,
+        price_field=normalized_price_col,
+        adjustment=normalized_adjustment,
+        return_method="simple",
+        start_date=prices.index[0].date(),
+        end_date=prices.index[-1].date(),
+        assets=assets,
+        returns=returns,
+    )
+
+
 def prepare_execution_inputs(
     df: pd.DataFrame,
     stock_col: str = "stock_code",

src/quant_engine/metrics.py

@@ -65,6 +65,20 @@ def sharpe_ratio(r: pd.Series, rf: float = 0.0) -> float:
     return (annualized_return(r) - rf) / vol
 
 
+def sortino_ratio(r: pd.Series, rf: float = 0.0) -> float:
+    """Sortino = (年化收益 - rf) / 年化下行偏差。"""
+    r = _clean(r)
+    if len(r) < 2:
+        return 0.0
+    downside = np.minimum(r.to_numpy(dtype=float), 0.0)
+    downside_deviation = float(
+        np.sqrt(np.mean(np.square(downside))) * np.sqrt(TRADING_DAYS_PER_YEAR)
+    )
+    if downside_deviation == 0:
+        return 0.0
+    return (annualized_return(r) - rf) / downside_deviation
+
+
 def max_drawdown(r: pd.Series) -> float:
     """最大回撤（负数）。例如 -0.2 表示最大亏 20%。"""
     r = _clean(r)
@@ -120,6 +134,7 @@ def summary(r: pd.Series, rf: float = 0.0) -> Mapping[str, float]:
         "ann_return": ann_ret,
         "ann_volatility": ann_vol,
         "sharpe": sharpe_ratio(r, rf),
+        "sortino": sortino_ratio(r, rf),
         "max_drawdown": mdd,
         "calmar": calmar_ratio(r),
         "win_rate": win_rate(r),

src/quant_engine/risk.py

@@ -5,7 +5,10 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import hashlib
+import json
 from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import date
 from typing import Any
 
 import numpy as np
@@ -14,13 +17,260 @@ from numpy.typing import NDArray
 
 __all__ = [
     "ComponentRiskResult",
+    "CovarianceSnapshot",
     "component_var",
+    "estimate_covariance_snapshot",
     "labeled_component_risk",
     "marginal_risk_contribution",
     "risk_contribution",
 ]
 
 
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True, init=False, eq=False)
+class CovarianceSnapshot:
+    """Immutable-by-interface covariance input with explicit time semantics."""
+
+    snapshot_id: str
+    as_of_date: date
+    _covariance: pd.DataFrame
+    return_frequency: str
+    periods_per_year: int
+    method: str
+    window_start_date: date | None
+    window_end_date: date | None
+    observations: int | None
+    lookback_sessions: int | None
+    missing_policy: str
+    data_snapshot_id: str
+    input_sha256: str
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        snapshot_id: str,
+        as_of_date: str | date | pd.Timestamp,
+        covariance: pd.DataFrame,
+        return_frequency: str,
+        periods_per_year: int,
+        method: str = "provided",
+        window_start_date: str | date | pd.Timestamp | None = None,
+        window_end_date: str | date | pd.Timestamp | None = None,
+        observations: int | None = None,
+        lookback_sessions: int | None = None,
+        missing_policy: str = "provided",
+        data_snapshot_id: str = "",
+        input_sha256: str = "",
+    ) -> None:
+        if not isinstance(snapshot_id, str) or not snapshot_id.strip():
+            raise ValueError("snapshot_id must be non-empty")
+        if not isinstance(return_frequency, str) or not return_frequency.strip():
+            raise ValueError("return_frequency must be non-empty")
+        if isinstance(periods_per_year, bool) or not isinstance(periods_per_year, int):
+            raise TypeError("periods_per_year must be an integer")
+        if periods_per_year <= 0:
+            raise ValueError("periods_per_year must be positive")
+        if not isinstance(covariance, pd.DataFrame):
+            raise TypeError("covariance must be a pandas DataFrame")
+        if covariance.empty:
+            raise ValueError("covariance must contain at least one asset")
+        if not isinstance(method, str) or not method.strip():
+            raise ValueError("method must be non-empty")
+        if not isinstance(missing_policy, str) or not missing_policy.strip():
+            raise ValueError("missing_policy must be non-empty")
+        for value, name in (
+            (observations, "observations"),
+            (lookback_sessions, "lookback_sessions"),
+        ):
+            if value is not None and (
+                isinstance(value, bool) or not isinstance(value, int) or value <= 0
+            ):
+                raise ValueError(f"{name} must be a positive integer when provided")
+        if input_sha256 and (
+            len(input_sha256) != 64
+            or any(character not in "0123456789abcdef" for character in input_sha256)
+        ):
+            raise ValueError("input_sha256 must be a lowercase SHA-256 digest")
+
+        normalized_as_of = _normalized_date(as_of_date, "as_of_date")
+        normalized_window_start = (
+            None
+            if window_start_date is None
+            else _normalized_date(window_start_date, "window_start_date")
+        )
+        normalized_window_end = (
+            None
+            if window_end_date is None
+            else _normalized_date(window_end_date, "window_end_date")
+        )
+        if (normalized_window_start is None) != (normalized_window_end is None):
+            raise ValueError("window_start_date and window_end_date must be provided together")
+        if (
+            normalized_window_start is not None
+            and normalized_window_end is not None
+            and normalized_window_start > normalized_window_end
+        ):
+            raise ValueError("window_start_date must not be after window_end_date")
+        if normalized_window_end is not None and normalized_window_end > normalized_as_of:
+            raise ValueError("window_end_date must not be after as_of_date")
+
+        object.__setattr__(self, "snapshot_id", snapshot_id.strip())
+        object.__setattr__(self, "as_of_date", normalized_as_of)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_covariance", covariance.copy(deep=True))
+        object.__setattr__(self, "return_frequency", return_frequency.strip())
+        object.__setattr__(self, "periods_per_year", periods_per_year)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "method", method.strip())
+        object.__setattr__(self, "window_start_date", normalized_window_start)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "window_end_date", normalized_window_end)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "observations", observations)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "lookback_sessions", lookback_sessions)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "missing_policy", missing_policy.strip())
+        object.__setattr__(self, "data_snapshot_id", data_snapshot_id.strip())
+        object.__setattr__(self, "input_sha256", input_sha256)
+
+    @property
+    def covariance(self) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        """Return an isolated copy so callers cannot mutate the snapshot."""
+        return self._covariance.copy(deep=True)
+
+
+def _normalized_date(value: object, name: str) -> date:
+    try:
+        timestamp = pd.Timestamp(value)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError) as error:
+        raise ValueError(f"{name} must be a valid date") from error
+    if pd.isna(timestamp):
+        raise ValueError(f"{name} must be a valid date")
+    return date(int(timestamp.year), int(timestamp.month), int(timestamp.day))
+
+
+def _positive_integer(value: int, name: str, *, minimum: int = 1) -> int:
+    if isinstance(value, bool) or not isinstance(value, int) or value < minimum:
+        raise ValueError(f"{name} must be an integer of at least {minimum}")
+    return value
+
+
+def _input_fingerprint(window: pd.DataFrame, session_dates: list[date]) -> str:
+    values = window.to_numpy(dtype=float, copy=True)
+    missing = np.isnan(values)
+    normalized = np.where(missing, 0.0, values).astype("<f8", copy=False)
+    metadata = {
+        "assets": [str(asset) for asset in window.columns],
+        "sessions": [session.isoformat() for session in session_dates],
+        "shape": list(values.shape),
+    }
+    digest = hashlib.sha256(
+        json.dumps(metadata, sort_keys=True, separators=(",", ":")).encode("utf-8")
+    )
+    digest.update(missing.astype(np.uint8, copy=False).tobytes(order="C"))
+    digest.update(normalized.tobytes(order="C"))
+    return digest.hexdigest()
+
+
+def estimate_covariance_snapshot(
+    asset_returns: pd.DataFrame,
+    *,
+    as_of_date: str | date | pd.Timestamp,
+    lookback_sessions: int,
+    min_observations: int,
+    data_snapshot_id: str,
+    return_frequency: str = "1d",
+    periods_per_year: int = 252,
+) -> CovarianceSnapshot:
+    """Estimate a deterministic per-period sample covariance without look-ahead.
+
+    The selected lookback window is truncated at ``as_of_date`` before any
+    calculation. Rows containing a missing asset return are removed as complete
+    cases, preventing pairwise sample sets from producing an ambiguous matrix.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(asset_returns, pd.DataFrame):
+        raise TypeError("asset_returns must be a pandas DataFrame")
+    if asset_returns.empty or asset_returns.shape[1] == 0:
+        raise ValueError("asset_returns must contain observations and assets")
+    if not isinstance(asset_returns.index, pd.DatetimeIndex):
+        raise TypeError("asset_returns index must be a DatetimeIndex")
+    if not asset_returns.index.is_unique or not asset_returns.index.is_monotonic_increasing:
+        raise ValueError("asset_returns index must be unique and strictly increasing")
+    if not asset_returns.columns.is_unique:
+        raise ValueError("asset_returns must contain unique asset labels")
+    if any(not isinstance(asset, str) or not asset.strip() for asset in asset_returns.columns):
+        raise ValueError("asset_returns asset labels must be non-empty strings")
+
+    lookback = _positive_integer(lookback_sessions, "lookback_sessions")
+    minimum = _positive_integer(min_observations, "min_observations", minimum=2)
+    if minimum > lookback:
+        raise ValueError("min_observations must not exceed lookback_sessions")
+    normalized_data_snapshot_id = data_snapshot_id.strip()
+    if not normalized_data_snapshot_id:
+        raise ValueError("data_snapshot_id must be non-empty")
+    normalized_as_of = _normalized_date(as_of_date, "as_of_date")
+
+    returns = asset_returns.astype(float, copy=True)
+    values = returns.to_numpy()
+    if np.isinf(values).any():
+        raise ValueError("asset_returns must not contain infinite values")
+    session_dates = [
+        _normalized_date(index_value, "asset_returns index") for index_value in returns.index
+    ]
+    if len(set(session_dates)) != len(session_dates):
+        raise ValueError("asset_returns must contain at most one observation per session date")
+    historical_mask = [session <= normalized_as_of for session in session_dates]
+    window = returns.loc[historical_mask].tail(lookback)
+    if window.empty:
+        raise ValueError("asset_returns contain no observations on or before as_of_date")
+    window_dates = [
+        _normalized_date(index_value, "asset_returns index") for index_value in window.index
+    ]
+    complete = window.dropna(axis=0, how="any")
+    if len(complete) < minimum:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"complete observations must be at least {minimum}; received {len(complete)}"
+        )
+
+    covariance = complete.cov(ddof=1)
+    covariance_values = covariance.to_numpy()
+    if not np.isfinite(covariance_values).all():
+        raise ValueError("sample covariance must be finite")
+    input_sha256 = _input_fingerprint(window, window_dates)
+    identity = {
+        "as_of_date": normalized_as_of.isoformat(),
+        "assets": list(returns.columns),
+        "data_snapshot_id": normalized_data_snapshot_id,
+        "estimator": "sample-cov-v1",
+        "input_sha256": input_sha256,
+        "lookback_sessions": lookback,
+        "min_observations": minimum,
+        "missing_policy": "complete_case",
+        "observations": len(complete),
+        "periods_per_year": periods_per_year,
+        "return_frequency": return_frequency,
+        "window_end_date": window_dates[-1].isoformat(),
+        "window_start_date": window_dates[0].isoformat(),
+    }
+    identity_bytes = json.dumps(
+        identity,
+        sort_keys=True,
+        separators=(",", ":"),
+    ).encode("utf-8")
+    digest = hashlib.sha256(identity_bytes)
+    digest.update(covariance_values.astype("<f8", copy=False).tobytes(order="C"))
+    snapshot_id = f"sample-cov-v1:{digest.hexdigest()}"
+    return CovarianceSnapshot(
+        snapshot_id=snapshot_id,
+        as_of_date=normalized_as_of,
+        covariance=covariance,
+        return_frequency=return_frequency,
+        periods_per_year=periods_per_year,
+        method="sample",
+        window_start_date=window_dates[0],
+        window_end_date=window_dates[-1],
+        observations=len(complete),
+        lookback_sessions=lookback,
+        missing_policy="complete_case",
+        data_snapshot_id=normalized_data_snapshot_id,
+        input_sha256=input_sha256,
+    )
+
+
 @dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True, eq=False)
 class ComponentRiskResult:
     """Label-preserving Euler decomposition of portfolio volatility."""

tests/governance/test_ci_contract.py

@@ -9,14 +9,22 @@ ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
 
 
 class CiContractTests(unittest.TestCase):
-    def test_ci_is_one_dependency_free_lite_gate(self) -> None:
+    def test_ci_is_one_locked_shared_runtime_lite_gate(self) -> None:
         workflow = (ROOT / ".gitea/workflows/ci.yml").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
         jobs = workflow.split("jobs:", 1)[1]
         self.assertEqual(re.findall(r"(?m)^  ([a-z][a-z0-9_-]*):\s*$", jobs), ["lite"])
         self.assertIn("actions/checkout@524e936cd9e579adf00e308bfdf971aebc7de09e", workflow)
         self.assertIn("persist-credentials: false", workflow)
-        self.assertIn("python3 tests/governance/test_module_spec.py", workflow)
-        for forbidden in ("setup-python", "pip ", "curl ", "wget ", "docker pull"):
+        self.assertIn("UV_PYTHON_DOWNLOADS: never", workflow)
+        self.assertIn('test "$(python3 --version)" = "Python 3.13.15"', workflow)
+        self.assertIn(
+            'test "$(uv --version | cut -d\' \' -f1-2)" = "uv 0.12.3"',
+            workflow,
+        )
+        self.assertIn("uv sync --locked --extra dev", workflow)
+        self.assertIn("uv run --locked --no-sync python", workflow)
+        self.assertIn("tests/governance/test_ci_contract.py", workflow)
+        for forbidden in ("setup-python", "setup-uv", "pip ", "curl ", "wget ", "docker pull"):
             self.assertNotIn(forbidden, workflow)
 
 

tests/test_alpha_factors.py

@@ -6,8 +6,20 @@ import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd
 import pytest
 
+import quant_engine.alpha_factors as alpha_factors_module
 from quant_engine.alpha_factors import (
     ALPHA158_REGISTRY,
+    ALPHA158_PHASE1_OPERATOR_SPECS,
+    ALPHA158_PHASE2_OPERATOR_SPECS,
+    ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256,
+    ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION,
+    ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS,
+    ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256,
+    ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION,
+    ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS,
+    ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256,
+    ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION,
+    ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS,
     alpha_001,
     alpha_002,
     alpha_003,
@@ -166,6 +178,16 @@ from quant_engine.alpha_factors import (
     alpha_156,
     alpha_157,
     alpha_158,
+    evaluate_phase1_operator,
+    evaluate_phase2_operator,
+    evaluate_phase3_formula,
+    evaluate_phase4_formula,
+    evaluate_phase5_formula,
+    list_phase1_operators,
+    list_phase2_operators,
+    list_phase3_formulas,
+    list_phase4_formulas,
+    list_phase5_formulas,
     correlation,
     covariance,
     decay_linear,
@@ -1232,3 +1254,711 @@ def test_parse_alpha_formula_round_trip_jsonb():
     serialized = json.dumps(parsed)
     assert isinstance(serialized, str)
     assert "ts_rank" in serialized
+
+
+# ── v1.2.0 Phase 1: deterministic operator dispatch contract ──────────────
+
+
+def test_phase1_operator_catalog_is_explicit_and_serializable():
+    """Phase 1 exposes a stable, JSON-friendly catalog for downstream callers."""
+    import json
+
+    expected = {
+        "rank",
+        "delta",
+        "ts_mean",
+        "ts_std",
+        "ts_rank",
+        "correlation",
+        "ts_min",
+        "ts_max",
+        "ts_sum",
+        "decay_linear",
+    }
+    assert set(list_phase1_operators()) == expected
+    assert set(ALPHA158_PHASE1_OPERATOR_SPECS) == expected
+    json.dumps(ALPHA158_PHASE1_OPERATOR_SPECS)
+    for name, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE1_OPERATOR_SPECS.items():
+        assert spec["name"] == name
+        assert isinstance(spec["inputs"], list)
+        assert isinstance(spec["formula"], str)
+
+
+def test_phase1_unary_operators_preserve_index_and_are_deterministic():
+    values = pd.Series([1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0], index=["a", "b", "c", "d"])
+
+    first = evaluate_phase1_operator("rank", values)
+    second = evaluate_phase1_operator("rank", values)
+
+    pd.testing.assert_series_equal(first, second)
+    assert first.index.equals(values.index)
+    assert first.iloc[-1] == pytest.approx(1.0)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("name", "window"),
+    [
+        ("delta", 2),
+        ("ts_mean", 2),
+        ("ts_std", 2),
+        ("ts_rank", 2),
+        ("ts_min", 2),
+        ("ts_max", 2),
+        ("ts_sum", 2),
+        ("decay_linear", 2),
+    ],
+)
+def test_phase1_windowed_operators_require_explicit_window(name: str, window: int):
+    values = pd.Series([1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0])
+
+    result = evaluate_phase1_operator(name, values, window=window)
+
+    assert result.index.equals(values.index)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="window"):
+        evaluate_phase1_operator(name, values)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="positive integer"):
+        evaluate_phase1_operator(name, values, window=1.5)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+
+def test_phase1_binary_correlation_requires_aligned_secondary_input():
+    values = pd.Series([1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0])
+    other = pd.Series([4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0])
+
+    result = evaluate_phase1_operator("correlation", values, other, window=2)
+
+    assert result.iloc[-1] == pytest.approx(-1.0)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="secondary"):
+        evaluate_phase1_operator("correlation", values, window=2)
+
+
+def test_phase1_dispatch_rejects_unknown_or_unused_arguments():
+    values = pd.Series([1.0, 2.0, 3.0])
+
+    with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="not registered"):
+        evaluate_phase1_operator("unknown", values)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="window"):
+        evaluate_phase1_operator("rank", values, window=2)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="secondary"):
+        evaluate_phase1_operator("rank", values, values)
+
+
+def test_phase1_dispatch_rejects_window_above_supported_limit():
+    values = pd.Series([1.0, 2.0, 3.0])
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="maximum"):
+        evaluate_phase1_operator("ts_mean", values, window=2**63)
+
+
+# ── v1.2.0 Phase 2: cumulative deterministic operator contract ─────────────
+
+
+def test_phase2_operator_catalog_is_cumulative_stable_and_serializable():
+    """Phase 2 exposes all existing building blocks without changing Phase 1."""
+    import json
+
+    phase1 = list_phase1_operators()
+    expected_phase2 = (
+        *phase1,
+        "ts_argmin",
+        "ts_argmax",
+        "product",
+        "returns",
+        "scale",
+        "signed_power",
+        "stddev",
+        "covariance",
+        "log",
+        "abs_series",
+        "sign",
+        "max_pair",
+        "min_pair",
+        "indneutralize",
+    )
+
+    assert list_phase2_operators() == expected_phase2
+    assert tuple(ALPHA158_PHASE2_OPERATOR_SPECS) == expected_phase2
+    assert tuple(ALPHA158_PHASE1_OPERATOR_SPECS) == phase1
+    json.dumps(ALPHA158_PHASE2_OPERATOR_SPECS)
+    for name, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE2_OPERATOR_SPECS.items():
+        assert spec["name"] == name
+        assert isinstance(spec["inputs"], list)
+        assert isinstance(spec["parameters"], list)
+        assert isinstance(spec["formula"], str)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("name", ["ts_argmin", "ts_argmax", "product", "stddev"])
+def test_phase2_windowed_unary_dispatch_is_deterministic(name: str):
+    values = pd.Series([3.0, 1.0, 4.0, 2.0], index=["a", "b", "c", "d"])
+
+    first = evaluate_phase2_operator(name, values, window=3)
+    second = evaluate_phase2_operator(name, values, window=3)
+
+    pd.testing.assert_series_equal(first, second)
+    assert first.index.equals(values.index)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="window"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator(name, values)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("name", ["returns", "scale", "log", "abs_series", "sign"])
+def test_phase2_unary_dispatch_rejects_unused_arguments(name: str):
+    values = pd.Series([1.0, 2.0, 4.0], index=["a", "b", "c"])
+
+    result = evaluate_phase2_operator(name, values)
+
+    assert result.index.equals(values.index)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="window"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator(name, values, window=2)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="secondary"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator(name, values, secondary=values)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("name", "window"),
+    [("correlation", 2), ("covariance", 2), ("max_pair", None), ("min_pair", None)],
+)
+def test_phase2_binary_dispatch_requires_aligned_secondary(name: str, window: int | None):
+    values = pd.Series([1.0, 2.0, 3.0], index=["a", "b", "c"])
+    secondary = pd.Series([3.0, 2.0, 1.0], index=values.index)
+
+    result = evaluate_phase2_operator(name, values, secondary=secondary, window=window)
+
+    assert result.index.equals(values.index)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="secondary is required"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator(name, values, window=window)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="secondary index"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator(
+            name,
+            values,
+            secondary=secondary.rename(index={"c": "z"}),
+            window=window,
+        )
+
+
+def test_phase2_signed_power_requires_finite_numeric_exponent():
+    values = pd.Series([-4.0, 0.0, 9.0])
+
+    result = evaluate_phase2_operator("signed_power", values, exponent=0.5)
+
+    pd.testing.assert_series_equal(result, pd.Series([-2.0, 0.0, 3.0]))
+    for exponent in (None, True, float("inf"), float("nan"), "2"):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="exponent"):
+            evaluate_phase2_operator(  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                "signed_power",
+                values,
+                exponent=exponent,
+            )
+
+
+def test_phase2_indneutralize_requires_aligned_groups():
+    values = pd.Series([1.0, 3.0, 10.0, 14.0], index=["a", "b", "c", "d"])
+    groups = pd.Series(["x", "x", "y", "y"], index=values.index)
+
+    result = evaluate_phase2_operator("indneutralize", values, groups=groups)
+
+    pd.testing.assert_series_equal(result, pd.Series([-1.0, 1.0, -2.0, 2.0], index=values.index))
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="groups is required"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator("indneutralize", values)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="groups index"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator(
+            "indneutralize",
+            values,
+            groups=groups.rename(index={"d": "z"}),
+        )
+
+
+def test_phase2_dispatch_validates_primary_series_and_unused_parameters():
+    values = pd.Series([1.0, 2.0, 3.0])
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="series must be a pandas Series"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator("rank", [1.0, 2.0, 3.0])  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="not registered"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator("unknown", values)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="exponent"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator("rank", values, exponent=2.0)
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="groups"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator("rank", values, groups=pd.Series(["x", "x", "x"]))
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="maximum"):
+        evaluate_phase2_operator("product", values, window=253)
+
+
+# ── Alpha158 Phase 3: versioned alpha001-alpha050 formula contract ──────────
+
+
+def _phase3_market_inputs() -> dict[str, pd.Series]:
+    positions = np.arange(80, dtype=float)
+    index = pd.RangeIndex(len(positions), name="row")
+    open_ = pd.Series(100.0 + positions * 0.2 + np.sin(positions / 4.0), index=index)
+    close = pd.Series(100.5 + positions * 0.18 + np.cos(positions / 5.0), index=index)
+    high = pd.Series(np.maximum(open_, close) + 1.0, index=index)
+    low = pd.Series(np.minimum(open_, close) - 1.0, index=index)
+    volume = pd.Series(1_000.0 + positions**1.3 + 20.0 * np.sin(positions / 3.0), index=index)
+    vwap = (open_ + close + high + low) / 4.0
+    return {
+        "open": open_,
+        "close": close,
+        "high": high,
+        "low": low,
+        "volume": volume,
+        "vwap": vwap,
+    }
+
+
+def test_phase3_formula_catalog_is_versioned_exact_and_content_addressed():
+    import hashlib
+    import json
+    from collections import Counter
+
+    expected_ids = tuple(f"alpha_{number:03d}" for number in range(1, 51))
+    expected_fields = {
+        "name",
+        "contract_version",
+        "formula",
+        "category",
+        "complexity",
+        "parameters",
+        "description",
+        "references",
+        "call_inputs",
+        "formula_inputs",
+        "input_category",
+    }
+
+    assert ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION == "1.0.0"
+    assert list_phase3_formulas() == expected_ids
+    assert tuple(ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS) == expected_ids
+    assert Counter(
+        spec["input_category"] for spec in ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS.values()
+    ) == {"single": 19, "pair": 26, "triple": 4, "quadruple": 1}
+
+    for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS.items():
+        assert set(spec) == expected_fields
+        assert spec["name"] == alpha_id
+        assert spec["contract_version"] == ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION
+        assert spec["formula"] == ALPHA158_REGISTRY[alpha_id]["formula"]
+
+    serializable_specs = {
+        alpha_id: {
+            field: list(value) if isinstance(value, tuple) else value
+            for field, value in spec.items()
+        }
+        for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS.items()
+    }
+    encoded = json.dumps(
+        serializable_specs,
+        sort_keys=True,
+        separators=(",", ":"),
+        ensure_ascii=False,
+    ).encode()
+    assert hashlib.sha256(encoded).hexdigest() == ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256
+    assert ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256 == (
+        "9a3360e5ee77a85a35d3c2fdab1efaa531fa0c263a2cb2bb5b965a1fb96fe1bd"
+    )
+
+
+def test_phase3_formula_catalog_is_recursively_immutable():
+    import operator
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        operator.setitem(ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS, "alpha_001", {})
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        operator.setitem(
+            ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS["alpha_001"],
+            "formula",
+            "changed",
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        operator.setitem(
+            ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS["alpha_001"]["call_inputs"],
+            0,
+            "volume",
+        )
+
+
+def test_phase3_catalog_freezes_callable_signatures_without_rewriting_formulas():
+    import inspect
+
+    legacy_formula_input_differences = {
+        "alpha_011": ("close", "high", "low"),
+        "alpha_035": ("volume",),
+        "alpha_036": ("close",),
+        "alpha_040": ("high", "low"),
+        "alpha_042": ("close",),
+        "alpha_043": ("volume",),
+    }
+
+    for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS.items():
+        function = getattr(alpha_factors_module, alpha_id)
+        signature_inputs = tuple(
+            "open" if name == "open_" else name
+            for name in inspect.signature(function).parameters
+        )
+        assert spec["call_inputs"] == signature_inputs
+        assert spec["formula_inputs"] == legacy_formula_input_differences.get(
+            alpha_id,
+            signature_inputs,
+        )
+
+    assert ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS["alpha_035"]["call_inputs"] == (
+        "close",
+        "volume",
+    )
+    assert ALPHA158_REGISTRY["alpha_035"]["inputs"] == ["volume"]
+
+
+def test_phase3_dispatch_matches_all_existing_alpha001_alpha050_functions():
+    inputs = _phase3_market_inputs()
+
+    for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE3_FORMULA_SPECS.items():
+        call_inputs = spec["call_inputs"]
+        function = getattr(alpha_factors_module, alpha_id)
+        expected = function(*(inputs[name] for name in call_inputs))
+        actual = evaluate_phase3_formula(
+            alpha_id,
+            **{name: inputs[name] for name in reversed(call_inputs)},
+        )
+        pd.testing.assert_series_equal(actual, expected)
+
+
+def test_phase3_dispatch_rejects_unknown_missing_extra_and_non_series_inputs():
+    inputs = _phase3_market_inputs()
+
+    with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="not registered"):
+        evaluate_phase3_formula("alpha_051", close=inputs["close"])
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"missing inputs.*volume"):
+        evaluate_phase3_formula("alpha_005", close=inputs["close"])
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"unexpected inputs.*vwap"):
+        evaluate_phase3_formula(
+            "alpha_005",
+            close=inputs["close"],
+            volume=inputs["volume"],
+            vwap=inputs["vwap"],
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="close must be a pandas Series"):
+        evaluate_phase3_formula(  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+            "alpha_005",
+            close=[1.0, 2.0],
+            volume=inputs["volume"],
+        )
+
+
+def test_phase3_dispatch_rejects_implicit_series_alignment():
+    inputs = _phase3_market_inputs()
+    misaligned_volume = inputs["volume"].rename(index={79: 80})
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="volume index must align with close"):
+        evaluate_phase3_formula(
+            "alpha_005",
+            close=inputs["close"],
+            volume=misaligned_volume,
+        )
+
+
+# ── Alpha158 Phase 4: versioned alpha051-alpha100 formula contract ──────────
+
+
+def test_phase4_formula_catalog_is_versioned_exact_and_content_addressed():
+    import hashlib
+    import json
+    from collections import Counter
+
+    expected_ids = tuple(f"alpha_{number:03d}" for number in range(51, 101))
+    expected_fields = {
+        "name",
+        "contract_version",
+        "formula",
+        "category",
+        "complexity",
+        "parameters",
+        "description",
+        "references",
+        "call_inputs",
+        "formula_inputs",
+        "input_category",
+    }
+
+    assert ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION == "1.0.0"
+    assert list_phase4_formulas() == expected_ids
+    assert tuple(ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS) == expected_ids
+    assert Counter(
+        spec["input_category"] for spec in ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS.values()
+    ) == {"single": 1, "pair": 27, "triple": 11, "quadruple": 10, "quintuple": 1}
+
+    for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS.items():
+        assert set(spec) == expected_fields
+        assert spec["name"] == alpha_id
+        assert spec["contract_version"] == ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION
+        assert spec["formula"] == ALPHA158_REGISTRY[alpha_id]["formula"]
+
+    serializable_specs = {
+        alpha_id: {
+            field: list(value) if isinstance(value, tuple) else value
+            for field, value in spec.items()
+        }
+        for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS.items()
+    }
+    encoded = json.dumps(
+        serializable_specs,
+        sort_keys=True,
+        separators=(",", ":"),
+        ensure_ascii=False,
+    ).encode()
+    assert hashlib.sha256(encoded).hexdigest() == ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256
+    assert ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256 == (
+        "858daf5e2abab5063fc28fcf7c79936096e2c76dde582fc7bab78b3458f17054"
+    )
+
+
+def test_phase4_formula_catalog_is_recursively_immutable():
+    import operator
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        operator.setitem(ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS, "alpha_051", {})
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        operator.setitem(
+            ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS["alpha_051"],
+            "formula",
+            "changed",
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        operator.setitem(
+            ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS["alpha_051"]["call_inputs"],
+            0,
+            "volume",
+        )
+
+
+def test_phase4_catalog_freezes_callable_and_formula_inputs():
+    import inspect
+
+    for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS.items():
+        function = getattr(alpha_factors_module, alpha_id)
+        signature_inputs = tuple(
+            "open" if name == "open_" else name
+            for name in inspect.signature(function).parameters
+        )
+        assert spec["call_inputs"] == signature_inputs
+        assert spec["formula_inputs"] == tuple(ALPHA158_REGISTRY[alpha_id]["inputs"])
+
+    assert ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS["alpha_055"]["call_inputs"] == (
+        "open",
+        "high",
+        "low",
+        "volume",
+        "close",
+    )
+
+
+def test_phase4_dispatch_matches_all_existing_alpha051_alpha100_functions():
+    inputs = _phase3_market_inputs()
+
+    for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE4_FORMULA_SPECS.items():
+        call_inputs = spec["call_inputs"]
+        function = getattr(alpha_factors_module, alpha_id)
+        expected = function(*(inputs[name] for name in call_inputs))
+        actual = evaluate_phase4_formula(
+            alpha_id,
+            **{name: inputs[name] for name in reversed(call_inputs)},
+        )
+        pd.testing.assert_series_equal(actual, expected)
+
+
+def test_phase4_dispatch_rejects_unknown_missing_extra_and_non_series_inputs():
+    inputs = _phase3_market_inputs()
+
+    with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="not registered"):
+        evaluate_phase4_formula("alpha_050", close=inputs["close"])
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"missing inputs.*low"):
+        evaluate_phase4_formula("alpha_051", high=inputs["high"])
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"unexpected inputs.*vwap"):
+        evaluate_phase4_formula(
+            "alpha_051",
+            high=inputs["high"],
+            low=inputs["low"],
+            vwap=inputs["vwap"],
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="high must be a pandas Series"):
+        evaluate_phase4_formula(  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+            "alpha_051",
+            high=[1.0, 2.0],
+            low=inputs["low"],
+        )
+
+
+def test_phase4_dispatch_rejects_implicit_series_alignment():
+    inputs = _phase3_market_inputs()
+    misaligned_low = inputs["low"].rename(index={79: 80})
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="low index must align with high"):
+        evaluate_phase4_formula(
+            "alpha_051",
+            high=inputs["high"],
+            low=misaligned_low,
+        )
+
+
+# ── Alpha158 Phase 5: versioned alpha101-alpha150 formula contract ──────────
+
+
+def test_phase5_formula_catalog_is_versioned_exact_and_content_addressed():
+    import hashlib
+    import json
+    from collections import Counter
+
+    expected_ids = tuple(f"alpha_{number:03d}" for number in range(101, 151))
+    expected_fields = {
+        "name",
+        "contract_version",
+        "formula",
+        "category",
+        "complexity",
+        "parameters",
+        "description",
+        "references",
+        "call_inputs",
+        "formula_inputs",
+        "input_category",
+    }
+
+    assert ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION == "1.0.0"
+    assert list_phase5_formulas() == expected_ids
+    assert tuple(ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS) == expected_ids
+    assert Counter(
+        spec["input_category"] for spec in ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS.values()
+    ) == {"pair": 33, "triple": 14, "quadruple": 3}
+
+    for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS.items():
+        assert set(spec) == expected_fields
+        assert spec["name"] == alpha_id
+        assert spec["contract_version"] == ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION
+        assert spec["formula"] == ALPHA158_REGISTRY[alpha_id]["formula"]
+
+    serializable_specs = {
+        alpha_id: {
+            field: list(value) if isinstance(value, tuple) else value
+            for field, value in spec.items()
+        }
+        for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS.items()
+    }
+    encoded = json.dumps(
+        serializable_specs,
+        sort_keys=True,
+        separators=(",", ":"),
+        ensure_ascii=False,
+    ).encode()
+    assert hashlib.sha256(encoded).hexdigest() == ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256
+    assert ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256 == (
+        "3368796169c9fbd39c4a34ea137e569964b15882fbf4de25124790d548db6533"
+    )
+
+
+def test_phase5_formula_catalog_is_recursively_immutable():
+    import operator
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        operator.setitem(ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS, "alpha_101", {})
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        operator.setitem(
+            ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS["alpha_101"],
+            "formula",
+            "changed",
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        operator.setitem(
+            ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS["alpha_101"]["call_inputs"],
+            0,
+            "volume",
+        )
+
+
+def test_phase5_catalog_freezes_callable_and_formula_inputs():
+    import inspect
+
+    for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS.items():
+        function = getattr(alpha_factors_module, alpha_id)
+        signature_inputs = tuple(
+            "open" if name == "open_" else name
+            for name in inspect.signature(function).parameters
+        )
+        assert spec["call_inputs"] == signature_inputs
+        assert spec["formula_inputs"] == tuple(ALPHA158_REGISTRY[alpha_id]["inputs"])
+
+    assert ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS["alpha_101"]["call_inputs"] == (
+        "close",
+        "high",
+        "low",
+    )
+
+
+def test_phase5_dispatch_matches_all_existing_alpha101_alpha150_functions():
+    inputs = _phase3_market_inputs()
+
+    for alpha_id, spec in ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS.items():
+        call_inputs = spec["call_inputs"]
+        function = getattr(alpha_factors_module, alpha_id)
+        expected = function(*(inputs[name] for name in call_inputs))
+        actual = evaluate_phase5_formula(
+            alpha_id,
+            **{name: inputs[name] for name in reversed(call_inputs)},
+        )
+        pd.testing.assert_series_equal(actual, expected)
+
+
+def test_phase5_dispatch_rejects_unknown_missing_extra_and_non_series_inputs():
+    inputs = _phase3_market_inputs()
+
+    with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="not registered"):
+        evaluate_phase5_formula("alpha_100", close=inputs["close"])
+    with pytest.raises(KeyError, match="not registered"):
+        evaluate_phase5_formula("alpha_151", close=inputs["close"])
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"missing inputs.*low"):
+        evaluate_phase5_formula(
+            "alpha_101",
+            close=inputs["close"],
+            high=inputs["high"],
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"unexpected inputs.*vwap"):
+        evaluate_phase5_formula(
+            "alpha_101",
+            close=inputs["close"],
+            high=inputs["high"],
+            low=inputs["low"],
+            vwap=inputs["vwap"],
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match="high must be a pandas Series"):
+        evaluate_phase5_formula(  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+            "alpha_101",
+            close=inputs["close"],
+            high=[1.0, 2.0],
+            low=inputs["low"],
+        )
+
+
+def test_phase5_dispatch_rejects_length_and_index_alignment_errors():
+    inputs = _phase3_market_inputs()
+    shorter_low = inputs["low"].iloc[:-1]
+    misaligned_high = inputs["high"].rename(index={79: 80})
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="low length must match close"):
+        evaluate_phase5_formula(
+            "alpha_101",
+            close=inputs["close"],
+            high=inputs["high"],
+            low=shorter_low,
+        )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="high index must align with close"):
+        evaluate_phase5_formula(
+            "alpha_101",
+            close=inputs["close"],
+            high=misaligned_high,
+            low=inputs["low"],
+        )
+
+
+def test_phase5_contract_is_publicly_exported():
+    assert {
+        "ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CONTRACT_VERSION",
+        "ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_CATALOG_SHA256",
+        "ALPHA158_PHASE5_FORMULA_SPECS",
+        "list_phase5_formulas",
+        "evaluate_phase5_formula",
+    } <= set(alpha_factors_module.__all__)

tests/test_artifact.py

@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+"""Stable research-run artifact contracts for downstream persistence."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+from datetime import date
+
+import pandas as pd
+import pytest
+
+from quant_engine.artifact import (
+    RESEARCH_ARTIFACT_SCHEMA_VERSION,
+    ResearchRunArtifact,
+    build_research_run_artifact,
+)
+from quant_engine.execution import ExecutionConfig
+from quant_engine.research_pipeline import FactorBacktestResult, run_factor_backtest_research
+from quant_engine.risk import CovarianceSnapshot
+
+
+def _backtest_result() -> FactorBacktestResult:
+    dates = pd.date_range("2026-01-05", periods=4, freq="B")
+    scores = pd.DataFrame(
+        {"A": [2.0, 0.0], "B": [1.0, 3.0]},
+        index=dates[:2],
+    )
+    opens = pd.DataFrame(
+        {"A": [10.0, 10.0, 15.0, 15.0], "B": [20.0, 20.0, 20.0, 21.0]},
+        index=dates,
+    )
+    closes = pd.DataFrame(
+        {"A": [10.0, 12.0, 15.0, 15.0], "B": [20.0, 20.0, 18.0, 21.0]},
+        index=dates,
+    )
+    return run_factor_backtest_research(
+        scores,
+        opens,
+        closes,
+        top_k=1,
+        execution_price_field="open",
+        valuation_price_field="close",
+        initial_cash=1_000.0,
+        config=ExecutionConfig(
+            commission_bps=0,
+            stamp_tax_bps=0,
+            slippage_bps=0,
+            min_trade_amount=0,
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+def _build(
+    result: FactorBacktestResult,
+    *,
+    parameters: dict[str, object] | None = None,
+    risk_snapshots: dict[date, CovarianceSnapshot] | None = None,
+) -> ResearchRunArtifact:
+    benchmark = pd.Series(
+        [0.0, 0.01, -0.01, 0.02],
+        index=result.returns.index,
+        name="benchmark_return",
+    )
+    return build_research_run_artifact(
+        result,
+        run_id="run-20260105-a",
+        strategy_id="alpha-top1",
+        strategy_name="Alpha Top 1",
+        strategy_version="1.0.0",
+        engine_version="1.2.0",
+        code_revision="3b1ad07",
+        data_snapshot_id="qtdb-pro-20260108-v1",
+        calendar="CN-A",
+        timezone="Asia/Shanghai",
+        started_at="2026-01-08T10:00:00+08:00",
+        finished_at="2026-01-08T10:01:00+08:00",
+        parameters=parameters or {"top_k": 1, "lag_sessions": 1},
+        benchmark_id="000300.SH",
+        benchmark_returns=benchmark,
+        risk_snapshots=risk_snapshots,
+    )
+
+
+def test_research_artifact_projects_versioned_queryable_fact_tables() -> None:
+    result = _backtest_result()
+
+    artifact = _build(result)
+
+    assert artifact.schema_version == RESEARCH_ARTIFACT_SCHEMA_VERSION
+    assert artifact.run.loc[0, "run_id"] == "run-20260105-a"
+    assert artifact.run.loc[0, "benchmark_alignment_policy"] == "exact_session_index"
+    assert artifact.nav["run_id"].unique().tolist() == ["run-20260105-a"]
+    assert artifact.nav["pnl_pct"].tolist() == pytest.approx(result.returns.tolist())
+    assert artifact.nav["benchmark_return"].tolist() == pytest.approx(
+        [0.0, 0.01, -0.01, 0.02]
+    )
+    assert artifact.signals.columns.tolist() == [
+        "run_id",
+        "signal_date",
+        "execution_date",
+        "asset_id",
+        "factor_score",
+        "target_weight",
+    ]
+    first_signal = artifact.signals[
+        artifact.signals["signal_date"] == result.factor_scores.index[0].date()
+    ]
+    assert first_signal.set_index("asset_id").loc["A", "factor_score"] == 2.0
+    assert first_signal.set_index("asset_id").loc["A", "target_weight"] == 1.0
+    assert first_signal["execution_date"].unique().tolist() == [
+        result.schedule.signal_to_execution.iloc[0].date()
+    ]
+    assert set(artifact.trades["side"]) == {"buy", "sell"}
+    assert artifact.trades["trade_id"].is_unique
+    assert artifact.trades["trade_id"].str.startswith("run-20260105-a:").all()
+    assert artifact.trades["signal_id"].str.startswith("run-20260105-a:signal:").all()
+    assert {"security", "cash"}.issubset(set(artifact.positions["asset_type"]))
+    assert artifact.positions.groupby("trade_date")["weight"].sum().tolist() == pytest.approx(
+        [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0]
+    )
+    assert set(artifact.attribution.columns) == {
+        "run_id",
+        "trade_date",
+        "asset_id",
+        "overnight",
+        "intraday",
+        "asset_total",
+    }
+    assert artifact.attribution_daily["residual"].abs().max() < 1e-12
+    assert artifact.risk.empty
+    assert artifact.risk.columns.tolist() == [
+        "run_id",
+        "trade_date",
+        "asset_id",
+        "weight",
+        "marginal_risk",
+        "component_risk",
+        "risk_contribution",
+        "covariance_snapshot_id",
+        "covariance_as_of_date",
+        "risk_measure",
+        "return_frequency",
+        "periods_per_year",
+    ]
+    assert artifact.performance.loc[0, "n_trades"] == len(artifact.trades)
+    assert artifact.performance.loc[0, "ir"] == pytest.approx(
+        result.benchmark_stats(pd.Series([0.0, 0.01, -0.01, 0.02], index=result.returns.index))[
+            "information_ratio"
+        ]
+    )
+    assert "sortino" in artifact.performance.columns
+
+
+def test_research_artifact_projects_annualized_risk_from_actual_positions() -> None:
+    result = _backtest_result()
+    trade_date = result.position_weights.index[-1].date()
+    covariance = pd.DataFrame(
+        [[0.0001, 0.00002], [0.00002, 0.0004]],
+        index=["A", "B"],
+        columns=["A", "B"],
+    )
+    snapshot = CovarianceSnapshot(
+        snapshot_id="cov-20260107-v1",
+        as_of_date="2026-01-07",
+        covariance=covariance,
+        return_frequency="1d",
+        periods_per_year=252,
+        data_snapshot_id="qtdb-pro-20260108-v1",
+    )
+
+    artifact = _build(result, risk_snapshots={trade_date: snapshot})
+
+    risk = artifact.risk.set_index("asset_id")
+    expected_weights = result.position_weights.loc[pd.Timestamp(trade_date)]
+    assert artifact.schema_version == "1.1.0"
+    assert risk.index.tolist() == ["A", "B"]
+    assert risk["weight"].tolist() == pytest.approx(expected_weights.tolist())
+    assert risk["covariance_snapshot_id"].unique().tolist() == ["cov-20260107-v1"]
+    assert risk["covariance_as_of_date"].unique().tolist() == [date(2026, 1, 7)]
+    assert risk["risk_measure"].unique().tolist() == ["annualized_volatility"]
+    assert risk["return_frequency"].unique().tolist() == ["1d"]
+    assert risk["periods_per_year"].unique().tolist() == [252]
+    assert risk["component_risk"].sum() == pytest.approx((0.0004 * 252) ** 0.5)
+    assert risk["risk_contribution"].sum() == pytest.approx(1.0)
+
+
+def test_research_artifact_rejects_risk_from_a_different_data_snapshot() -> None:
+    result = _backtest_result()
+    trade_date = result.position_weights.index[-1].date()
+    covariance = pd.DataFrame(
+        [[0.0001, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0004]],
+        index=["A", "B"],
+        columns=["A", "B"],
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="data lineage differs"):
+        _build(
+            result,
+            risk_snapshots={
+                trade_date: CovarianceSnapshot(
+                    snapshot_id="foreign-covariance",
+                    as_of_date="2026-01-07",
+                    covariance=covariance,
+                    return_frequency="1d",
+                    periods_per_year=252,
+                    data_snapshot_id="different-market-snapshot",
+                )
+            },
+        )
+
+
+def test_research_artifact_rejects_future_or_misaligned_risk_snapshots() -> None:
+    result = _backtest_result()
+    trade_date = result.position_weights.index[-1].date()
+    covariance = pd.DataFrame(
+        [[0.0001, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0004]],
+        index=["A", "B"],
+        columns=["A", "B"],
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="must not be after trade date"):
+        _build(
+            result,
+            risk_snapshots={
+                trade_date: CovarianceSnapshot(
+                    snapshot_id="future-covariance",
+                    as_of_date="2026-01-09",
+                    covariance=covariance,
+                    return_frequency="1d",
+                    periods_per_year=252,
+                    data_snapshot_id="qtdb-pro-20260108-v1",
+                )
+            },
+        )
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="same asset labels"):
+        _build(
+            result,
+            risk_snapshots={
+                trade_date: CovarianceSnapshot(
+                    snapshot_id="incomplete-universe",
+                    as_of_date="2026-01-07",
+                    covariance=covariance.loc[["B"], ["B"]],
+                    return_frequency="1d",
+                    periods_per_year=252,
+                    data_snapshot_id="qtdb-pro-20260108-v1",
+                )
+            },
+        )
+
+
+def test_research_artifact_serialization_and_hashes_are_deterministic() -> None:
+    result = _backtest_result()
+    first = _build(result, parameters={"top_k": 1, "lag_sessions": 1})
+    second = _build(result, parameters={"lag_sessions": 1, "top_k": 1})
+
+    assert first.run.loc[0, "config_hash"] == second.run.loc[0, "config_hash"]
+    assert first.content_sha256 == second.content_sha256
+    assert first.manifest() == second.manifest()
+    decoded = json.loads(first.canonical_json())
+    assert decoded["schema_version"] == RESEARCH_ARTIFACT_SCHEMA_VERSION
+    assert decoded["tables"]["nav"][0]["trade_date"] == "2026-01-05"
+
+    leaked_copy = first.nav
+    leaked_copy.loc[0, "nav"] = -999.0
+    assert first.nav.loc[0, "nav"] != -999.0
+    assert first.content_sha256 == second.content_sha256
+
+
+def test_research_artifact_requires_complete_reproducibility_identity() -> None:
+    result = _backtest_result()
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="code_revision"):
+        build_research_run_artifact(
+            result,
+            run_id="run-1",
+            strategy_id="alpha-top1",
+            strategy_name="Alpha Top 1",
+            strategy_version="1.0.0",
+            engine_version="1.2.0",
+            code_revision="",
+            data_snapshot_id="snapshot-1",
+            calendar="CN-A",
+            timezone="Asia/Shanghai",
+            started_at="2026-01-08T10:00:00+08:00",
+            finished_at="2026-01-08T10:01:00+08:00",
+            parameters={},
+        )
+
+
+def test_research_artifact_requires_benchmark_identity_and_returns_together() -> None:
+    result = _backtest_result()
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="benchmark_id and benchmark_returns"):
+        build_research_run_artifact(
+            result,
+            run_id="run-1",
+            strategy_id="alpha-top1",
+            strategy_name="Alpha Top 1",
+            strategy_version="1.0.0",
+            engine_version="1.2.0",
+            code_revision="3b1ad07",
+            data_snapshot_id="snapshot-1",
+            calendar="CN-A",
+            timezone="Asia/Shanghai",
+            started_at="2026-01-08T10:00:00+08:00",
+            finished_at="2026-01-08T10:01:00+08:00",
+            parameters={},
+            benchmark_id="000300.SH",
+        )

tests/test_data_adapter.py

@@ -7,10 +7,12 @@ import pandas as pd
 import pytest
 
 from quant_engine.data_adapter import (
+    AssetReturnSnapshot,
     add_vwap_proxy,
     apply_adj_factor,
     load_qtdb_daily,
     long_to_wide,
+    prepare_asset_return_snapshot,
     prepare_execution_inputs,
     prepare_stock_series,
     rename_tushare_columns,
@@ -298,13 +300,176 @@ def test_prepare_execution_inputs_missing_close_raises() -> None:
 
 
 def test_prepare_execution_inputs_missing_selected_price_raises() -> None:
-    df = pd.DataFrame(
-        {"stock_code": ["A"], "trade_date": ["2024-01-01"], "close": [10.0]}
-    )
+    df = pd.DataFrame({"stock_code": ["A"], "trade_date": ["2024-01-01"], "close": [10.0]})
     with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="缺 open"):
         prepare_execution_inputs(df, price_col="open")
 
 
+# ── prepare_asset_return_snapshot ────────────────────────────
+
+
+def _daily_prices() -> pd.DataFrame:
+    return pd.DataFrame(
+        {
+            "stock_code": ["B", "A", "B", "A", "B", "A"],
+            "trade_date": [
+                "2024-01-02",
+                "2024-01-01",
+                "2024-01-01",
+                "2024-01-03",
+                "2024-01-03",
+                "2024-01-02",
+            ],
+            "close": [18.0, 10.0, 20.0, 12.1, 19.8, 11.0],
+        }
+    )
+
+
+def test_prepare_asset_return_snapshot_is_stable_and_immutable_by_interface() -> None:
+    snapshot = prepare_asset_return_snapshot(
+        _daily_prices(),
+        source="qtdb_pro.hq_daily",
+        source_snapshot_id="hq-daily:2024-01-03:v1",
+        adjustment="qfq",
+    )
+
+    assert isinstance(snapshot, AssetReturnSnapshot)
+    assert snapshot.data_snapshot_id.startswith("asset-returns-v1:")
+    assert snapshot.source == "qtdb_pro.hq_daily"
+    assert snapshot.source_snapshot_id == "hq-daily:2024-01-03:v1"
+    assert snapshot.price_field == "close"
+    assert snapshot.adjustment == "qfq"
+    assert snapshot.return_method == "simple"
+    assert snapshot.start_date.isoformat() == "2024-01-01"
+    assert snapshot.end_date.isoformat() == "2024-01-03"
+    assert snapshot.sessions == 3
+    assert snapshot.assets == ("A", "B")
+
+    expected = pd.DataFrame(
+        {
+            "A": [np.nan, 0.1, 0.1],
+            "B": [np.nan, -0.1, 0.1],
+        },
+        index=pd.to_datetime(["2024-01-01", "2024-01-02", "2024-01-03"]),
+    )
+    expected.index.name = "trade_date"
+    expected.columns.name = "stock_code"
+    pd.testing.assert_frame_equal(snapshot.returns, expected)
+
+    exposed = snapshot.returns
+    exposed.iloc[1, 0] = 999.0
+    assert snapshot.returns.iloc[1, 0] == pytest.approx(0.1)
+
+
+def test_asset_return_snapshot_identity_is_order_independent_and_content_addressed() -> None:
+    kwargs = {
+        "source": "qtdb_pro.hq_daily",
+        "source_snapshot_id": "hq-daily:2024-01-03:v1",
+        "adjustment": "none",
+    }
+    baseline = prepare_asset_return_snapshot(_daily_prices(), **kwargs)
+    shuffled = prepare_asset_return_snapshot(
+        _daily_prices().sample(frac=1.0, random_state=7),
+        **kwargs,
+    )
+    changed_prices = _daily_prices().copy()
+    changed_prices.loc[changed_prices["close"] == 12.1, "close"] = 12.2
+    changed_content = prepare_asset_return_snapshot(changed_prices, **kwargs)
+    changed_source = prepare_asset_return_snapshot(
+        _daily_prices(),
+        source="qtdb_pro.hq_daily",
+        source_snapshot_id="hq-daily:2024-01-03:v2",
+        adjustment="none",
+    )
+
+    assert shuffled.data_snapshot_id == baseline.data_snapshot_id
+    assert changed_content.data_snapshot_id != baseline.data_snapshot_id
+    assert changed_source.data_snapshot_id != baseline.data_snapshot_id
+
+
+def test_prepare_asset_return_snapshot_does_not_fill_missing_prices() -> None:
+    prices = _daily_prices()
+    prices.loc[
+        (prices["stock_code"] == "A") & (prices["trade_date"] == "2024-01-02"),
+        "close",
+    ] = np.nan
+
+    snapshot = prepare_asset_return_snapshot(
+        prices,
+        source="qtdb_pro.hq_daily",
+        source_snapshot_id="hq-daily:missing-middle",
+    )
+
+    assert pd.isna(snapshot.returns.loc[pd.Timestamp("2024-01-02"), "A"])
+    assert pd.isna(snapshot.returns.loc[pd.Timestamp("2024-01-03"), "A"])
+
+
+def test_prepare_asset_return_snapshot_rejects_duplicate_sessions() -> None:
+    duplicate = pd.concat([_daily_prices(), _daily_prices().iloc[[0]]], ignore_index=True)
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="duplicate"):
+        prepare_asset_return_snapshot(
+            duplicate,
+            source="qtdb_pro.hq_daily",
+            source_snapshot_id="hq-daily:duplicate",
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("invalid_price", [0.0, -1.0, np.inf])
+def test_prepare_asset_return_snapshot_rejects_invalid_prices(invalid_price: float) -> None:
+    prices = _daily_prices()
+    prices.loc[0, "close"] = invalid_price
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="positive finite"):
+        prepare_asset_return_snapshot(
+            prices,
+            source="qtdb_pro.hq_daily",
+            source_snapshot_id="hq-daily:invalid-price",
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("source", "source_snapshot_id", "adjustment"),
+    [
+        ("", "source-1", "none"),
+        ("qtdb_pro.hq_daily", "", "none"),
+        ("qtdb_pro.hq_daily", "source-1", ""),
+    ],
+)
+def test_prepare_asset_return_snapshot_requires_explicit_identity_semantics(
+    source: str,
+    source_snapshot_id: str,
+    adjustment: str,
+) -> None:
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="must be non-empty"):
+        prepare_asset_return_snapshot(
+            _daily_prices(),
+            source=source,
+            source_snapshot_id=source_snapshot_id,
+            adjustment=adjustment,
+        )
+
+
+def test_asset_return_snapshot_feeds_reproducible_covariance_lineage() -> None:
+    from quant_engine.risk import estimate_covariance_snapshot
+
+    market_snapshot = prepare_asset_return_snapshot(
+        _daily_prices(),
+        source="qtdb_pro.hq_daily",
+        source_snapshot_id="hq-daily:2024-01-03:v1",
+    )
+    covariance_snapshot = estimate_covariance_snapshot(
+        market_snapshot.returns,
+        as_of_date=market_snapshot.end_date,
+        lookback_sessions=3,
+        min_observations=2,
+        data_snapshot_id=market_snapshot.data_snapshot_id,
+    )
+
+    assert covariance_snapshot.data_snapshot_id == market_snapshot.data_snapshot_id
+    assert covariance_snapshot.snapshot_id.startswith("sample-cov-v1:")
+
+
 # ── 端到端：长表 → 适配 → alpha158 + execution ──────────────
 
 

tests/test_metrics.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from quant_engine.metrics import (
     calmar_ratio,
     max_drawdown,
     sharpe_ratio,
+    sortino_ratio,
     summary,
     win_rate,
 )
@@ -48,9 +49,22 @@ def test_zero_volatility_metrics_return_zero() -> None:
     returns = pd.Series([0.0, 0.0, 0.0])
 
     assert sharpe_ratio(returns) == 0.0
+    assert sortino_ratio(returns) == 0.0
     assert calmar_ratio(returns) == 0.0
 
 
+def test_sortino_ratio_uses_all_sessions_for_downside_deviation() -> None:
+    returns = pd.Series([0.02, -0.01, 0.0, -0.03])
+    downside = np.minimum(returns.to_numpy(), 0.0)
+    downside_deviation = np.sqrt(np.mean(np.square(downside))) * np.sqrt(
+        TRADING_DAYS_PER_YEAR
+    )
+
+    assert sortino_ratio(returns) == pytest.approx(
+        annualized_return(returns) / downside_deviation
+    )
+
+
 def test_max_drawdown_includes_loss_from_initial_capital() -> None:
     returns = pd.Series([-0.20, 0.0])
 
@@ -80,7 +94,15 @@ def test_summary_aliases_match_canonical_fields() -> None:
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "metric",
-    [annualized_return, annualized_volatility, sharpe_ratio, max_drawdown, calmar_ratio, win_rate],
+    [
+        annualized_return,
+        annualized_volatility,
+        sharpe_ratio,
+        sortino_ratio,
+        max_drawdown,
+        calmar_ratio,
+        win_rate,
+    ],
 )
 def test_metrics_reject_non_series_input(metric) -> None:
     with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r"expected pd\.Series"):

tests/test_risk.py

@@ -8,13 +8,164 @@ import pytest
 
 from quant_engine.risk import (
     ComponentRiskResult,
+    CovarianceSnapshot,
     component_var,
+    estimate_covariance_snapshot,
     labeled_component_risk,
     marginal_risk_contribution,
     risk_contribution,
 )
 
 
+def test_estimate_covariance_snapshot_is_complete_case_and_reproducible() -> None:
+    dates = pd.date_range("2026-01-05", periods=6, freq="B")
+    returns = pd.DataFrame(
+        {
+            "A": [0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 99.0],
+            "B": [0.02, 0.01, np.nan, 0.03, 0.04, -99.0],
+        },
+        index=dates,
+    )
+    as_of = dates[4]
+
+    snapshot = estimate_covariance_snapshot(
+        returns,
+        as_of_date=as_of,
+        lookback_sessions=4,
+        min_observations=3,
+        data_snapshot_id="market-returns-20260109-v1",
+        return_frequency="1d",
+        periods_per_year=252,
+    )
+
+    expected_window = returns.loc[:as_of].tail(4)
+    expected = expected_window.dropna(how="any").cov()
+    pd.testing.assert_frame_equal(snapshot.covariance, expected)
+    assert snapshot.snapshot_id.startswith("sample-cov-v1:")
+    assert snapshot.as_of_date == as_of.date()
+    assert snapshot.method == "sample"
+    assert snapshot.window_start_date == expected_window.index[0].date()
+    assert snapshot.window_end_date == as_of.date()
+    assert snapshot.observations == 3
+    assert snapshot.lookback_sessions == 4
+    assert snapshot.missing_policy == "complete_case"
+    assert snapshot.data_snapshot_id == "market-returns-20260109-v1"
+    assert len(snapshot.input_sha256) == 64
+
+    future_changed = returns.copy()
+    future_changed.loc[dates[-1], :] = [1_000_000.0, -1_000_000.0]
+    repeated = estimate_covariance_snapshot(
+        future_changed,
+        as_of_date=as_of,
+        lookback_sessions=4,
+        min_observations=3,
+        data_snapshot_id="market-returns-20260109-v1",
+        return_frequency="1d",
+        periods_per_year=252,
+    )
+    assert repeated.snapshot_id == snapshot.snapshot_id
+    pd.testing.assert_frame_equal(repeated.covariance, snapshot.covariance)
+
+
+def test_covariance_snapshot_identity_captures_data_and_estimator_contract() -> None:
+    dates = pd.date_range("2026-01-05", periods=4, freq="B")
+    returns = pd.DataFrame(
+        {"A": [0.01, 0.02, -0.01, 0.03], "B": [0.02, -0.01, 0.01, 0.04]},
+        index=dates,
+    )
+    base = estimate_covariance_snapshot(
+        returns,
+        as_of_date=dates[-1],
+        lookback_sessions=4,
+        min_observations=3,
+        data_snapshot_id="snapshot-a",
+    )
+    different_source = estimate_covariance_snapshot(
+        returns,
+        as_of_date=dates[-1],
+        lookback_sessions=4,
+        min_observations=3,
+        data_snapshot_id="snapshot-b",
+    )
+
+    assert base.snapshot_id != different_source.snapshot_id
+    assert base.covariance.equals(different_source.covariance)
+
+
+def test_estimate_covariance_snapshot_rejects_ambiguous_or_insufficient_history() -> None:
+    dates = pd.date_range("2026-01-05", periods=4, freq="B")
+    returns = pd.DataFrame(
+        {"A": [0.01, np.nan, 0.03, 0.04], "B": [0.02, 0.01, np.nan, 0.03]},
+        index=dates,
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="complete observations"):
+        estimate_covariance_snapshot(
+            returns,
+            as_of_date=dates[-1],
+            lookback_sessions=4,
+            min_observations=3,
+            data_snapshot_id="snapshot-a",
+        )
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="strictly increasing"):
+        estimate_covariance_snapshot(
+            returns.iloc[::-1],
+            as_of_date=dates[-1],
+            lookback_sessions=4,
+            min_observations=2,
+            data_snapshot_id="snapshot-a",
+        )
+
+
+def test_covariance_snapshot_is_validated_and_immutable_by_interface() -> None:
+    covariance = pd.DataFrame(
+        [[0.04, 0.01], [0.01, 0.09]],
+        index=["A", "B"],
+        columns=["A", "B"],
+    )
+    snapshot = CovarianceSnapshot(
+        snapshot_id="cov-20260107-v1",
+        as_of_date="2026-01-07",
+        covariance=covariance,
+        return_frequency="1d",
+        periods_per_year=252,
+    )
+
+    covariance.loc["A", "A"] = 999.0
+    leaked_copy = snapshot.covariance
+    leaked_copy.loc["B", "B"] = 999.0
+
+    assert snapshot.as_of_date == pd.Timestamp("2026-01-07").date()
+    assert snapshot.covariance.loc["A", "A"] == pytest.approx(0.04)
+    assert snapshot.covariance.loc["B", "B"] == pytest.approx(0.09)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("kwargs", "message"),
+    [
+        ({"snapshot_id": ""}, "snapshot_id"),
+        ({"return_frequency": ""}, "return_frequency"),
+        ({"periods_per_year": 0}, "periods_per_year"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_covariance_snapshot_rejects_incomplete_identity(
+    kwargs: dict[str, object],
+    message: str,
+) -> None:
+    values: dict[str, object] = {
+        "snapshot_id": "cov-20260107-v1",
+        "as_of_date": "2026-01-07",
+        "covariance": pd.DataFrame([[0.04]], index=["A"], columns=["A"]),
+        "return_frequency": "1d",
+        "periods_per_year": 252,
+    }
+    values.update(kwargs)
+
+    with pytest.raises((TypeError, ValueError), match=message):
+        CovarianceSnapshot(**values)
+
+
 def test_risk_contribution_sums_to_one_for_positive_portfolio_variance() -> None:
     weights = np.array([0.5, 0.5])
     covariance = np.diag([1.0, 4.0])

uv.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,408 @@
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+    "sys_platform == 'emscripten'",
+    "sys_platform != 'emscripten' and sys_platform != 'win32'",
+]
+
+[[package]]
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